Examinando por Autor "Arenas, E."

Mostrando 1 - 3 de 3
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Analysis of the biodiesel production yield from waste frying oil
    (2018) Acevedo-Páez, Juan Camilo; Urbina-Suarez, N A; Acevedo, A.Z.; Becerra, L.C.; Arenas, E.
    This research sought to produce biodiesel from waste frying oil (WFO) from chicken grills by using chemical transesterification to evaluate quality conditions and the yield of the biodiesel obtained. For this, acid esterification and basic transesterification were applied under the following conditions: reaction temperature 60°𝐶, catalyst concentration of 1% (m/m) KOH, oil:alcohol 1: 6 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜, and two reaction times (55 𝑎𝑛𝑑 70𝑚𝑖𝑛) for the transesterification. The physicochemical properties of the raw material were analyzed (i.e., density, humidity, kinematic viscosity, fatty acid profile, acidity index, peroxides, and saponification) where the WFO showed high contents of oleic acid (42.45%) and palmitic acid (33.52%), which are fundamental for biodiesel production. Chemical transesterification under the conditions of 60°𝐶, 1% KOH, and 70𝑚𝑖𝑛 obtained the best yield by presenting a high conversion percentage (96.15%) and an acid number of 1.33𝑚𝑚𝐾𝑂𝐻/𝑔, according to ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 international standards.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Estimation of potential hydrogen production from palm kernel shell in Norte de Santander, Colombia
    (Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019-11) Acevedo-Páez, Juan Camilo; Solano, S P; Durán-Pinzón, Jessica Marlen; Posso Rivera, Fausto René; Arenas, E.
    This work sought to estimate the economic and environmental potential of palm kernel shell for hydrogen production as energy vector in Norte de Santander, Colombia. A field research determined that the department generates monthly 14082 t of palm biomass of which 12501 of palm kernel shell remain available for their use. The proximate and ultimate analyses of the palm kernel shell report high heating value (19.53 MJ/kg) compared with other agro-industrial biomasses, high content of volatile material (69.82% w/w) and fixed carbon (21.68% w/w), promoters of chemical reactions in pyrolysis and gasification processes, respectively. In the Aspen Plus® simulation process of the palm kernel shell gasification at 900 °C and steam/biomass ratio of 1.5, a yield is obtained of hydrogen production of 40.7%, equivalent to a monthly production in Norte de Santander of 51.6 t. Using H2 in the generation of electric power permits producing 470.9 MWh/month that represent theoretical utilities of US$27734.5. In another scenario, 55848.8 gal/month of gasoline are substituted, equivalent to US$11708.6 through the sale of carbon credits. Regarding diesel, 45905.1 gal are replaced per month, which add US$9725.4 through the commercial transaction in the carbon market. It is concluded that using palm kernel shell as primary source to obtain H2, has, in principle, a favorable economic and environmental impact for sustainable development of the department of Norte de Santander, besides contributing to the knowledge base on the penetration of this vector in Colombia's energy matrix; however, more detailed technical and economic studies are needed to conclude regarding the economic viability of this energy conversion process.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Simulation of the gasification process of palm kernel shell using Aspen PLUS
    (2018) Acevedo-Páez, Juan Camilo; Posso Rivera, Fausto René; Durán-Pinzón, Jessica Marlen; Arenas, E.
    This research sought to simulate gasification of palm kernel shell (PKS) in stationary state by using Aspen PLUS®. The model can predict the syngas composition with 1.6% absolute error. Biomass is defined as a non-conventional component from its proximate and ultimate analyses. The gasification process was divided into four stages: drying, pyrolysis, oxidation, and reduction, simulated in two R-Yield and R-Equil reactors, specified through the physicochemical characterization of the PKS and the chemical reactions in equilibrium intervening in the gasification. Simulation results were validated with experimental results from other investigations with similar operating conditions. Production of H2 and CO2 increases by increasing temperature from 700 to 900°𝐶, contrary to what occurs with CO that diminishes at higher temperatures. The steam/biomass (S/B) ratio has a significant effect on the proportion of H2 in the syngas, given that it diminishes significantly by 20.3% upon increasing the S/B ratio from 1.5 to 2.5, showing the same trend for the CO and CO2 gases.