Examinando por Autor "Pinzón Ochoa, María Isabel"

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  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Caracterización y Rendimiento Académico de los Estudiantes con Discapacidad de una Institución de Educación Superior de Bucaramanga. 2019
    (2020-06-24) Meneses Cordón, María Paula; Peralta Amaya, Lina María; Vargas Cáceres, Natalia Ximena; Larios Martínez, Betty; Pinzón Ochoa, María Isabel
    La Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento y Desarrollo (CIF) define la discapacidad como un grupo de deficiencias, limitaciones de la actividad y restricción en la participación, lo cual puede generar delimitaciones debido a que están expuestas a múltiples barreras tales como infraestructura, actitudes, sistema social y leyes políticas, limitando su integración en la sociedad y su desarrollo educativo. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar las características y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes con discapacidad de la Universidad de Santander de Bucaramanga, 2019. Estudio de tipo descriptivo transversal, que incluyó a todos los estudiantes con discapacidad de una institución en educación superior de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, el instrumento utilizado para recolectar la información y conocer las características sociodemográficas de la población fue el registro de localización y caracterización de las personas con discapacidad (RCLCD). Se encuestaron 33 estudiantes con edades entre 18 a 40 años, de los cuales el 75% eran hombres y el 24% eran mujeres, el estrato socioeconómico que predominó fue el estrato 3 con un 48%. En cuanto al tipo de discapacidad con dominio fue la discapacidad motriz con un 33,3% y no se presentó una influencia según el sexo, facultad, tipo de discapacidad y el estrato socioeconómico en el rendimiento académico, ya que el valor de P, no fue estadísticamente significativo. Conclusión: para la institución es de gran importancia esta información en los procesos de inclusión institucional, en la caracterización, registró y localización de los estudiantes con discapacidad, identificar barreras que permitan realizar ajustes razonables para la permanencia de los estudiantes y garantizar calidad en la educación superior.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Confiabilidad de los Instrumentos para Identificar Factores Desencadenantes de Enfermedades Respiratorias Alérgicas en Escolares, 2019-2020
    (2020-06-23) Bautista Jaimes, Mabel Rocío; Mendoza Cardona, Mildreth Rosmary; Pinzón Ochoa, María Isabel
    Introducción: La prevención de enfermedades respiratorias alérgicas requiere de estrategias clínicas basadas en el manejo, control e identificación de factores de riesgo que puedan mitigar la aparición de nuevos casos, por medio del uso de instrumentos válidos y confiables basadas en la evidencia científica y dirigida a la población escolar. Objetivo: Determinar el grado de confiabilidad de los instrumentos para Identificar los factores desencadenantes de enfermedades respiratorias alérgicas en una institución de educación. Métodos: Se realizó una evaluación de prueba diagnóstica, donde participaron 340 estudiantes y padres de familia del Instituto técnico la Cumbre de la ciudad de Floridablanca, se utilizaron dos instrumentos previamente validados para identificar factores de riesgo en el entorno de la población objeto. Resultados: Se logró la confiabilidad de los instrumentos con Kappa de 0.81 a 1.00 que según Landis y Koch fue casi perfecta. Se encontró que prevalecían las alergias derivadas por cambios climáticos (45%), presencia de insectos en su vivienda (45%), convivencia con perros (44%) y algún familiar ha sufrido de enfermedades respiratorias (36%). Conclusiones: Estos instrumentos cumplen con criterios de validez y confiabilidad, teniendo en cuenta que son herramientas escasas en la literatura científica y de gran utilidad en la detección de riesgo de enfermedades respiratorias alérgicas en poblaciones expuestas entre edades de 8 a 12 años.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Cumplimiento de la capacidad tecnológica-científica en los servicios de Fisioterapia de Bucaramanga y Floridablanca
    (2015-04) Pinzón Ochoa, María Isabel; Angarita Fonseca, Adriana; Niño Pinzón, Diana M.
    Objetivo Determinar el cumplimiento de la condición de capacidad tecnológica y científica de una muestra de servicios de terapia física y respiratoria del área urbana de Floridablanca y Bucaramanga. Metodología Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. La muestra la conforman cuatro instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud del municipio de Floridablanca y tres instituciones del área urbana de Bucaramanga, a las que durante el año 2011 se les aplicaron dos encuestas para verificar el cumplimiento de los estándares de habilitación y conocer las razones por las cuales incumplen con alguno de los requisitos. Resultados En Floridablanca, tres instituciones corresponden al primer nivel de atención y una al segundo nivel de atención; los estándares con menor cumplimiento son: Seguimiento a riesgos con una mediana del puntaje de cumplimiento de 0 (Rango: 0-12); Historia Clínica asistencial con una mediana de 9,5 (Rango: 0-100) y el estándar de procesos prioritarios con una mediana de 18 (Rango: 9-27). En Bucaramanga, dos correspondían al segundo nivel de atención y una a un tercer nivel de atención. Los estándares de menor cumplimiento fueron: Medicamentos y dispositivos con 0 para una institución, Procesos prioritarios con una mediana de 60 (Rango: 0-89) e instalaciones físicas con una mediana de 73 (Rango: 64-84). Conclusiones Los resultados muestran un incumplimiento de los requisitos esenciales de habilitación, pese a que éstos son exigidos por los entes territoriales departamentales, distritales y municipales de salud.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Determinantes socioeconómicos del acceso a los servicios de prevención primaria, consulta externa y urgencias en Colombia: Análisis secundario de la encuesta nacional de calidad de vida, 2013.
    (Bucaramanga : Universidad de Santander, 2014, 2014-12-12) Pinzón Ochoa, María Isabel; Angarita Fonseca, Adriana; Martínez Marín, Rocío del Pilar
    Objective: Using the National Survey on Quality of Life in Colombia during 2013, found socioeconomic determinants of access to health services such as primary prevention, primary care consultation, and emergency consultation in the Colombian population. Methods: It was made a secondary analysis of the National Survey on Quality of Life in Colombia during 2013. At first, people older than 15 years were included, and those who belonged to special social security health regime were excluded. The dependent variables were: Without being sick and to attend for prevention to primary care at least once a year to the physician, dentist, or both. The second part of the analysis, people who had no health issues in the past 30 days was excluded. The dependent variable was: The formal health care provided in outpatient consultation and emergency cause by a health issue. To identify the determinants of real access was used generalized linear models for complex samples where the link function was logarithm ratio of the dependent variable and Poisson’s error distribution. The explanatory variables were categorized according to Andersen’s model (1995) in predisposing components by resources, capacity and need. Results: About the access to primary prevention, 50,532 individuals representing 31,968,124 Colombians were included. The results of the multivariate data analysis showed that the being male, people who belong to an ethnic group, those who worked in the week prior to the survey, which inhabited housing deficit, which had no classification of socioeconomic status, which were affiliated to the subsidized regime, that did not know if were affiliated to the social security health and who had filed out a petition right for protection had the probability of access to primary prevention health services significantly lower than the rest of the population. On the other hand, people between 39 and 103 years, that had a life partner, with secondary or higher level of education, middle or high socioeconomic status, in urban area, with permanent restrictions, poor health status or even very poor, who received shares promotion and prevention of the secretariat or municipality, that have received contributions, and that were in the top two quintiles of household income had a significantly higher probability of accessing prevention services. 5,758 individuals representing 3,348,977 Colombians were included in the analysis of access to emergency services or outpatient consultation. The prevalence of access to those was 74.3%. In multivariate data analysis, significant and positive association was found between access and poor or very poor health status; and a lower probability statistically significant of access to health services with the variable poverty perception and being part of subsidized regime or not knowing or not being affiliated to the social security health. Conclusions: The characteristics of resource capacity and necessity Andersen’s model still continue influencing access to primary health services and tertiary prevention in Colombia.
  • Publicación
    Restringido
    Factores desencadenantes de enfermedades alérgicas respiratorias de escolares de edades entre 8 y 13 años del Colegio Metropolitano Del Sur. Validez y prueba piloto
    (Bucaramanga : Universidad de Santander, 2018, 2018-11-18) Ojeda Chinchilla, Saidy L.; Vergara Rico, Tatiana J.; Zúñiga Pardo, Laura M.; Pinzón Ochoa, María Isabel
    Allergic diseases are a major cause of childhood morbidity on a global scale; they are considered from the respiratory point of view as chronic diseases more frequent in public health. it is necessary to have instruments aimed at children and parents to identify the triggers of allergic respiratory diseases in school age taking into account their individual environment, family and community. Objective: To determine the facial and content validity, pilot test to identify the risk factors that trigger respiratory allergic diseases in schoolchildren between 8 and 13 years of the South Floridablanca Metropolitan School. Methoodology: For the elaboration of the instruments, a bibliographic search was carried out in the topic triggers of allergic respiratory diseases; Two instruments were built, one aimed at schoolchildren with a total of 16 questions; and another addressed to parents / guardians with 58 questions, divided into 3 chapters; the content was validated by studying diagnostic tests with 10 experts; facial validity by 10 external people, In the pilot test, a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out with a sample of 30 subjects belonging to the Metropolitan School of South Floridablanca Santander. Results: The validity of the two instruments was achieved with a content validity index of 0.9, facial validity index of 1. The results of the pilot test for the parent / caregiver questionnaire were: allergies derived from the foam mattress (93.33%), manipulation of insecticides for cockroaches (60%), climatic changes (60%), presence of insects in their home (53.33%). On the other hand, the children questionnaire showed that the most prevalent factors were: the time to play in the garden (60%) and the dust in the rooms (53.33%). Conclusion: the triggers of allergic respiratory diseases are more frequent in the predisposition of mites, environmental factors such as climate changes, playing time in the garden, manipulation of insecticides.
  • Publicación
    Restringido
    Nivel de sobrecarga en los cuidadores principales de personas con discapacidad del área urbana del municipio de Floridablanca
    (Bucaramanga : Universidad de Santander, 2017, 2016-12-16) Vargas Saavedra, Andrea J.; Vieco Sierra, Jeniffer C.; Pinzón Ochoa, María Isabel; Angarita Fonseca, Adriana
    Currently the incidence rate of People With Disabilities (PWD)in Colombia has increased. The closest relatives or friends of PWD are usually those who are dedicated to personal care, assistance and support; What generates the caregiver an overload. Among the instruments most used and validated to assess the degree of overload is the Zarit Scale. Objective: To determine the level of overload of the main caregivers of People With Disabilities (PWD) in the municipality of Floridablanca 2016. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with non-probabilistic sampling for convenience. The instrument used for the collection of information consists of two parts; Sociodemographic information in which the caregiver and the person with disability are investigated and the zarit scale, the analysis of the information was performed using the ESTATA statistical analysis software. Results: Regarding the sociodemographic characteristics of the main caregivers of PCD, 91.88% (n = 215) of the caregivers were women, whose ages were in the range of 20-80 years, with a mean of 47.76 (OF ± 12.92). 52.56% of caregivers presented intense overload Conclusions: Caregivers of people with disabilities are in larger numbers of family members. Therefore, it will be necessary to implement programs of preparation for these people to perform in the appropriate way for the integration process, thus helping to reduce the overload and also help in the integration process to the benefits of these in society.
  • Publicación
    Restringido
    Validez de contenido de un instrumento para detectar alteraciones relacionadas con el movimiento corporal humano en el individuo y la familia
    (Bucaramanga : Universidad de Santander, 2018, 2018-01-17) Añez Acosta, Susana A.; Villamarín Silva, Zareth M.; Villamizar García, María-Constanza; Pinzón Ochoa, María Isabel
    This research is justified, due to the scarcity of instruments with psychometric properties in physiotherapy, both nationally and internationally, which evaluates the alterations of human body movement in the individual and the family and which, moreover, can be applied in the community. The objective of this study was to establish the validity of an instrument to detect alterations related to human body movement in the individual and the family. A study of diagnostic tests was carried out. A literature search was carried out on the database to evaluate human body movement, which includes instruments that are applied in different age groups. Then, the most relevant information of the scales related to the assessment of the MCH by age groups classified by the authors was selected and, in this way, an instrument with a total of 52 items was constructed, distributed in 5 chapters, with their respective instructions. We contacted 10 experts with postgraduate studies and experience in public health and / or community and related work. The instrument was rated with an acceptable content validity index (0.89), relevance index (0.94), relevance index (0.92) and drafting index (0.81). At the suggestion of the experts, changes can be made such as: eliminating elements, editorial modifications in the statements and adding response options. An instrument is constructed, that counts on its instructive and that has content validity, detects alterations of the human body movement in the individual and the family, which can be applied in the community scope, and that allows the results to be of the same application of this instrument, be valid.