Examinando por Autor "Posso Rivera, Fausto René"
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- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoEstimation of potential hydrogen production from palm kernel shell in Norte de Santander, Colombia(Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019-11) Acevedo-Páez, Juan Camilo; Solano, S P; Durán-Pinzón, Jessica Marlen; Posso Rivera, Fausto René; Arenas, E.This work sought to estimate the economic and environmental potential of palm kernel shell for hydrogen production as energy vector in Norte de Santander, Colombia. A field research determined that the department generates monthly 14082 t of palm biomass of which 12501 of palm kernel shell remain available for their use. The proximate and ultimate analyses of the palm kernel shell report high heating value (19.53 MJ/kg) compared with other agro-industrial biomasses, high content of volatile material (69.82% w/w) and fixed carbon (21.68% w/w), promoters of chemical reactions in pyrolysis and gasification processes, respectively. In the Aspen Plus® simulation process of the palm kernel shell gasification at 900 °C and steam/biomass ratio of 1.5, a yield is obtained of hydrogen production of 40.7%, equivalent to a monthly production in Norte de Santander of 51.6 t. Using H2 in the generation of electric power permits producing 470.9 MWh/month that represent theoretical utilities of US$27734.5. In another scenario, 55848.8 gal/month of gasoline are substituted, equivalent to US$11708.6 through the sale of carbon credits. Regarding diesel, 45905.1 gal are replaced per month, which add US$9725.4 through the commercial transaction in the carbon market. It is concluded that using palm kernel shell as primary source to obtain H2, has, in principle, a favorable economic and environmental impact for sustainable development of the department of Norte de Santander, besides contributing to the knowledge base on the penetration of this vector in Colombia's energy matrix; however, more detailed technical and economic studies are needed to conclude regarding the economic viability of this energy conversion process.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoEvaluación de rutas alternativas de aprovechamiento de la glicerina obtenida en la producción de biodiesel : Una revisión(2015-01) Hernández Mora, Jorge Augusto; Acevedo-Páez, Juan Camilo; Valdés Rentería, Carlos Francisco; Posso Rivera, Fausto RenéProducto del creciente mercado del biodiésel, se genera un incremento en la oferta de glicerina sin refinar, obtenida como subproducto del proceso, lo que ha motivado el estudio de su utilización. En este trabajo se aplicó un método cualitativo por puntos, considerando tres factores para clasificar las opciones de aprovechamiento de glicerina: (i) análisis DOFA (Debilidades, Oportunidades, Fortalezas, Amenazas), (ii) análisis de costos y (iii) evaluación del impacto ambiental. A cada factor se asignó una ponderación cuyo resultado permite concluir sobre la viabilidad de cada alternativa estudiada para una planta de producción de biodiésel de 20.000 l/día, que genera aproximadamente 2000 kg/día de glicerina cruda. Como resultado se obtiene un orden jerárquico de factibilidad de implementación de las alternativas en el que el uso de la glicerina cruda en la producción de fertilizantes constituye la mejor opción, ya que mejora la fertilidad del suelo con la incorporación de subproductos y residuos agroindustriales, y es una de las opciones de menor costo de implementación. El método de evaluación aplicado resulta apropiado para una estimación inicial de los diferentes usos de la glicerina cruda, aunque posteriormente requiere un análisis más detallado de la mejor opción.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoHydrogen production from palm kernel shell(ELSEVIER, 2019-11-19) Acevedo-Páez, Juan Camilo; Durán-Pinzón, Jessica Marlen; Posso Rivera, Fausto René; Arenas, Erika; EurekaThe hydrogen production process from palm kernel shell (PKS) is modeled and simulated by a steady-state gasification system using Aspen PLUS®. The kinetic parameters of the gasification are determined by employing thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) using two gasifying agents (CO2 and steam) and applying three semi-empirical kinetic models to interpret the experimental results (linear model, grain model, and volumetric model). The process was subjected to different temperatures (750–950 °C) and different compositions of the steam/biomass ratio (S/B) (0–2.5). It is obtained that the linear model and the grain model have the best R2 with the gasification results of the PKS with steam (0.966) and CO2 (0.965), respectively. The steam reaction kinetic parameters obtained were and and for the reaction with CO2, they were and. The production yield of H2 (109 g H2/PKS kg) is reached at the highest temperature (950 °C) and the lowest S/B ratio (0). It is concluded that the model can predict with greater precision the hydrogen composition in the syngas, with a 0.135 mean square error, compared to other authors that present a 0.282 mean square error.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoSimulation of tar reduction alternatives in the coffee stems gasification process(2018) Oliveros, C.; Rubiano, J.E.; Posso Rivera, Fausto René; Acevedo-Páez, Juan CamiloThis work developed a simulation model able to compare three different secondary methods of tar retention that assess the energy consumption, investments and tar concentration of each alternative to clean the syngas produced in the gasification of coffee stems. The alternatives were the installation of a car filter (FC), a heat exchanger (IC) and activated carbon filtering media (FCA). The experiments were carried out in the Power Pallet GEK 20 kW downstream Gasifier and runs of 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 hours of operation. The tar concentration was measured via VOC’s direct detection equipment and showed values of 23, 18.7, y 222.3 for IC, FC and FCA respectively. Estimation errors obtained for the model developed in Aspen Plus® software for tar concentration were 16.75%, 14.63% and 0.02% for normal operation, FC and IC respectively. An Economic evaluation reported a value of 0.43, 4.06, 0.45 and 4.09$/ produced for normal operation, FC, IC and FCA respectively. Finally, the analysis of the internal combustion engine thermal efficiency exposed that IC and FC potentially increase the total energy production in 440 ℎ per year compared to normal operation.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoSimulation of the gasification process of palm kernel shell using Aspen PLUS(2018) Acevedo-Páez, Juan Camilo; Posso Rivera, Fausto René; Durán-Pinzón, Jessica Marlen; Arenas, E.This research sought to simulate gasification of palm kernel shell (PKS) in stationary state by using Aspen PLUS®. The model can predict the syngas composition with 1.6% absolute error. Biomass is defined as a non-conventional component from its proximate and ultimate analyses. The gasification process was divided into four stages: drying, pyrolysis, oxidation, and reduction, simulated in two R-Yield and R-Equil reactors, specified through the physicochemical characterization of the PKS and the chemical reactions in equilibrium intervening in the gasification. Simulation results were validated with experimental results from other investigations with similar operating conditions. Production of H2 and CO2 increases by increasing temperature from 700 to 900°𝐶, contrary to what occurs with CO that diminishes at higher temperatures. The steam/biomass (S/B) ratio has a significant effect on the proportion of H2 in the syngas, given that it diminishes significantly by 20.3% upon increasing the S/B ratio from 1.5 to 2.5, showing the same trend for the CO and CO2 gases.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoUse of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)-Derived Hydrogen in Ecuador : Potential Applications for Urban Transportation(2019) Posso Rivera, Fausto René; Narváez C., Ricardo A.; Sánchez, Johanna Patricia; Siguencia, JorgeThis paper performs an assessment of the potential energy-purposed H production in Ecuador from municipal solid waste (MSW). Thermochemical and electrochemical paths are considered for MSW conversion. Ecuadorian provincial MSW dis- tribution (2016 data) provides the base information for assessing and constructing maps of the theoretical H production yield and its density per unit area. Additionally, the use of H in fuel cell-propelled urban public transportation is proposed as an end-use consumer. Results show that it is possible to fulfl urban public transportation energy demand in 91% of the country with MSW-derived H2; in fact, the three provinces that together generate 57% of the available MSW (Guayas, Pichincha, and Azuay) could satisfy their public transportation diesel fuel demand with MSW-derived hydrogen. In the case of these three provinces, H2 generation could replace by 2.57 times (on average) the local urban transportation diesel fuel demand. Finally, a possible scenario for a non-conventional H2 production path is shown, which could also represent a suitable MSW fnal disposal alternative with benefts to urban mobility.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoUse of municipal solid waste (MSW)-derived hydrogen in Ecuador : Potential applications for urban transportation(2017-12) Posso Rivera, Fausto René; Narváez C., Ricardo A.; Siguencia, Jorge; Sánchez, Johanna PatriciaThis paper performs an assessment of the potential energy-purposed H2 production in Ecuador from municipal solid waste (MSW). Thermochemical and electrochemical paths are considered for MSW conversion. Ecuadorian provincial MSW dis- tribution (2016 data) provides the base information for assessing and constructing maps of the theoretical H production yield and its density per unit area. Additionally, the use of H in fuel cell-propelled urban public transportation is proposed as an end-use consumer. Results show that it is possible to fulfl urban public transportation energy demand in 91% of the country with MSW-derived H2 ; in fact, the three provinces that together generate 57% of the available MSW (Guayas, Pichincha, and Azuay) could satisfy their public transportation diesel fuel demand with MSW-derived hydrogen. In the case of these three provinces, H2 generation could replace by 2.57 times (on average) the local urban transportation diesel fuel demand. Finally, a possible scenario for a non-conventional H2 production path is shown, which could also represent a suitable MSW fnal disposal alternative with benefts to urban mobility.