Examinando por Materia "Screening"
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- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoFactorial structure of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 as a depression screening instrument for university students in Cartagena, Colombia(2018-11) Cassiani Miranda, Carlos Arturo; Scoppetta, OrlandoPrevious studies on the factorial structure of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) have yielded divergent results, and there is no consensus on which factorial structure provides a more adequate fit. In Colombia, no precise method to estimate the factorial structure of the PHQ-9 has been used. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factorial structure of the PHQ-9 as a depression screening tool in university students of Colombia from a model of two factors previously studied. The PHQ-9 was applied to 550 health science university students. A factorial confirmatory analysis was carried out using a structural equations model and invariance analysis. The model with one somatic factor and one non-somatic factor, achieved a better fit with invariance by gender. The PHQ-9 used as a depression screening tool used in university students in Cartagena revealed two factors, one somatic and one non-somatic with measurement invariance by gender.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoMay Measurement Month 2018. An analysis of blood pressure screening results from Colombia(European Society of Cardiology, 2020-08-28) Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio; Otero, Johanna; Alvernia, Juliana; Ney-Salazar, Daniela; Lopez-Lopez, Jose; Accini, Jose Luis; Aroca, Gustavo; Urina-Triana, Miguel; Sánchez-Vallejo, Gregorio; Arcos, Edgar; Casanova, María E.; García, Henry; Beaney, Thomas; Ster, Anca Chis; Poulter, Neil R.; MasiraHigh blood pressure (BP) is the leading global preventable cause of death and the most common risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, due to its asymptomatic nature, the lack of awareness of this condition causes underdiagnosis and low rates of adherence to pharmacological treatment. Looking for practical approaches to increase awareness worldwide, the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) implemented the 2nd May Measurement Month campaign in 2018 (MMM18). In order to contribute to this initiative, Colombia participated as one of the 89 countries involved in this hypertension screening programme. Blood pressure was measured in subjects from 11 departments in Colombia. Under the leadership of the Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), 400 volunteers across the country collected the data following the MMM protocol. Measurements from 35 548 participants with a mean age of 41.9 years were obtained. In total, 9475 (26.7%) of the total population studied had hypertension. Of those with hypertension, 69.9% of these subjects were aware of their condition, 65.0% were on antihypertensive medication, and 43.1% had controlled BP. Of those on medication, 66.3% had controlled BP. Hypertension screening, awareness, treatment, and control should be a priority in public health objectives due to its elevated burden of disease and direct association with increased CVD. The MMM campaign provided a positive impact in the diagnosis of hypertension across Colombia. Although efforts are being made to expand treatment capability and adherence, still more are needed to insure a broader coverage of antihypertensive medication in Colombia.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoPretratamiento de Aguas Residuales Mediante la Construcción de un Cribado Autolimpiante(Universidad de Santander, 2023-05-29) Diaz -Amaya, Eduard Fernando; Gélvez-Peña, Dianny Fernanda; Soto-Ortegón José Alirio; Tiria-Sandoval Luis Carlos; Amaya-Santander Luz KarimeLa contaminación y el deterioro del medio ambiente ha perjudicado una de las fuentes más vitales para el hombre que es el agua, una de las causas de esto es el vertimiento de aguas residuales en los cuerpos de agua. Existen varias formas de mitigar la contaminación, una de estas es mediante el tratamiento de aguas residuales contando con diversos métodos que permiten mejorar la calidad de este recurso, en algunos casos se requiere realizar una etapa de pretratamiento para retener los sólidos urbanos (RSU) de mayor tamaño y mejorar la efectividad de los tratamientos primarios y secundarios. Uno de los métodos de pretratamiento es mediante un mecanismo llamado cribado, este consiste en la retención de sólidos de mayor tamaño mediante rejillas con espaciamientos de las barras entre los 2 cm a 5 cm. Analizando este método se puede decir que presenta ciertas limitantes ya que no retiene totalmente los sólidos y al momento de su mantenimiento, necesita una limpieza manual o mecánica lo que llevó a plantear la posibilidad de adoptar un mecanismo de tamizado autolimpiante para garantizar un óptimo funcionamiento en la retención. De acuerdo con la problemática establecida se elaboró el prototipo de un canal cuyo funcionamiento es similar al de un cribado, adoptando unas medidas correctivas, como la implementación de un tamiz, cuya finalidad es retener la mayor cantidad de sólidos de menor tamaño dando una mejor efectividad en el proceso de pretratamiento adicionando un sistema de aireación que permita que este sea autolimpiante.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoValidez del Cuestionario de salud del paciente-9 (PHQ-9) para cribado de depresión en adultos usuarios de Atención Primaria en Bucaramanga, Colombia(2021-01-05) Cassiani-Miranda, Carlos Arturo; Cuadros-Cruz, Angy Karina; Torres-Pinzón, Harold; Scoppetta, Orlando; Pinzón-Tarrazona, Jhon Henrry; López-Fuentes, Wendy Yulieth; Paez, Andrea; Cabanzo-Arenas, Diego Fernando; Ribero-Marulanda, Sergio; Llanes-Amaya, Elkin René; NeurocienciasEl Cuestionario de salud del paciente-9 (PHQ-9) es uno de los instrumentos de autoinforme más utilizado en Atención Primaria (AP). No existe validez de criterio del PHQ-9 en Colombia. El objetivo fue realizar la validez de criterio del PHQ-9 como instrumento de cribado en AP. Se realizó un estudio trasversal de validez de criterio de una escala usando como criterio de referencia la minientrevista neuropsiquiátrica (MINI) en usuarios adultos de centros de AP de ambos sexos. Se calcularon la consistencia interna y la validez convergente y de criterio del PHQ-9 mediante el análisis de las características operativas del receptor (COR) y el área bajo la curva (ABC). Participaron 243 pacientes, 184 (75,7%) fueron de sexo femenino. El promedio de edad fue 34,05 (mediana 31 y DE = 12,47). El α de Cronbach fue 0,80 y ω de McDonald, 0,81. La rho de Spearman fue 0,64 para HADS-D (p < 0,010) y 0,70 para PHQ-2 (p < 0,010). El ABC fue 0,92 (IC del 95%, 0,880-0,963). El punto de corte óptimo del PHQ-9 fue ≥ 7: sensibilidad de 90,38 (IC del 95%: 81,41-99,36); especificidad de 81,68 (IC del 95%: 75,93-87,42); el VPP 57,32 (IC del 95%: 46,00-68,63); el VPN 96,89 (IC del 95%: 93,90-99,88); índice de Youden 0,72 (IC del 95%: 0,62-0,82; LR+ 4,93 (IC del 95%: 3,61-6,74); LR– 0,12 (IC del 95%: 0,005-0,270). En conclusión, la versión colombiana del PHQ-9 es un instrumento válido y confiable para el cribado de depresión en AP de Bucaramanga, con un punto de corte ≥ 7.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoValidity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in primary care patients in Colombia(2022-01-05) Cassiani-Miranda, Carlos Arturo; Scoppetta, Orlando; Cabanzo-Arenas, Diego Fernando; NeurocienciasObjective To assess the validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for depression and anxiety screening in primary care patients in Colombia. Methods A criterion validity study was conducted with 243 adults that had completed the HADS and were later assessed using the MINI as a gold standard. Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega and factor structure were applied through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). ROC curve analysis and Youden's statistic were used to determine the cut-off point. Results Cronbach's α was reported to be 0.85 and 0.82 for McDonalds' ω. CFA supported a two-factor solution demonstrating satisfactory fit. Root mean square error of approximation = 0.04, Comparative Fix Index (CFI) and Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.97. For HADS-A, the cut-off point was determined as 6 associated with a sensitivity of 0.76, a specificity of 0.72 and Youden's index of 0.50. The ABC was 0.81. For HADS-D, the cut-off point was determined as 4 associated with a sensitivity of 0.78, a specificity of 0.74 and Youden's index of 0.53. The ABC was 0.82. Conclusion The HADS is a valid and reliable instrument for anxiety and depression screening in adult patients of primary healthcare services in Colombia.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoValidity of the patient health questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) for the detection of depression in primary care in Colombia(2021-01-01) Scoppetta, Orlando; Cassiani-Miranda, Carlos Arturo; Arocha-Díaz, Karen Nicolle; Cabanzo-Arenas, Diego Fernando; Campo-Arias, Adalberto; Neurociencias - UDESBackground The PHQ-2 is a screening test for major depressive disorder (MDD) derived from PHQ-9, which has shown to be useful in the detection of cases of clinical significance in previous studies. The psychometric properties of PHQ-2 in the Colombian population are unknown. Methods PHQ-2 were assessed in 243 patients in general medical consultations using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) as the gold standard. Internal consistency, convergent validity and criterion validity were calculated by analyzing the Receptor Operating Characteristics (ROC) and the area under the curve (AUC). Results Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients were 0.71. Spearman's rho coefficients for correlations with PHQ-9 and HADS-D scores were 0.63 and 0.59 (p<0.01). AUC was 0.89. The optimal cut point was ≥2 with the following indicators: sensitivity 0.87 specificity 0.74; Youden index 0.60; PPV 0.47; NPV 0.95; (LR+) 3.24; (LR-) 0.18 (95% CI 0.09-0.37). Kappa coefficient between PHQ-2 and MINI for depression was .458 and 0.46 for HADS-D. Limitations Since this study was done with people attending hospital, which could has implications for the prevalence of depression, affecting the validity indicators of the instrument. Conclusions PHQ-2 show an acceptable test performance in the context of the study. However, the test could yield a considerable amount of false positives that would require specialized evaluation to establish a reliable diagnosis.