Examinando por Materia "Zika"
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- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoIdentificación de los Virus Dengue y Zika mediante RT-PCR en personas Asintomáticas de SAN JOSÉ DE CÚCUTA, Colombia, 2016.(Cúcuta: Universidad de Santander, 2017, 2017-11-29) Bello Medina, Astrid Carolina.; Serrano Perez, Jessica Fernanda.; Galvis Serrano, Nestor Fabián; Contreras Rangel, Jael.Dengue and Zika viruses (flavivirus) are viruses transmitted by arthropods, arboviruses. Its importance has increased in the Americas in the last 20 years. The main vectors are Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus. Dengue fever is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes that has spread rapidly in recent years. Dengue virus is transmitted by female mosquitoes mainly of the species Aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, Aedes albopictus. These mosquitoes also transmit chikungunya fever, yellow fever and Zika virus infection. Zika virus fever (ZIKV) is a febrile, zoonotic, emerging, acute, benign and self-limiting disease; of jungle origin which is caused by the Zika virus. Zika virus is a flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes of the species Aedes aegypti. Its symptomatology is nonspecific and can be confused with other febrile syndromes and can occur on several occasions asymptomatically or present with a moderate clinical picture.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoRisk of bias and confounding of observational studies of Zika virus infection : A scoping review of research protocols(2017-07-07) Martínez Vega, Ruth Aralí; Reveiz, Ludovic; Haby, Michelle M.; Pinzón Flores, Carlos E.; Elias, Vanessa; Smith, Emma; Pinart, Mariona; Broutet, Nathalie; Becerra Posada, Francisco; Aldighieri, Sylvain; Van Kerkhove, Maria D.Given the severity and impact of the current Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the Americas, numerous countries have rushed to develop research studies to assess ZIKV and its potential health consequences. In an effort to ensure that studies are comprehensive, both internally and externally valid, and with reliable results, the World Health Organization, the Pan American Health Organization, Institut Pasteur, the networks of Fiocruz, the Consortia for the Standardization of Influenza Seroepidemiology (CONSISE) and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) have generated six standardized clinical and epidemiological research protocols and questionnaires to address key public health questions on ZIKV. Methods We conducted a systematic search of ongoing study protocols related to ZIKV research. We analyzed the content of protocols of 32 cohort studies and 13 case control studies for systematic bias that could produce erroneous results. Additionally we aimed to characterize the risks of bias and confounding in observational studies related to ZIKV and to propose ways to minimize them, including the use of six newly standardized research protocols. Results Observational studies of ZIKV face an array of challenges, including measurement of exposure and outcomes (microcephaly and Guillain-Barre´ Syndrome). Potential confounders need to be measured where known and controlled for in the analysis. Selection bias due tonon-random selection is a significant issue, particularly in the case-control design, and losses to follow-up is equally important for the cohort design. Conclusion Observational research seeking to answer key questions on the ZIKV should consider these restrictions and take precautions to minimize bias in an effort to provide reliable and valid results. Utilization of the standardized research protocols developed by the WHO, PAHO, Institut Pasteur, and CONSISE will harmonize the key methodological aspects of each study design to minimize bias at different stages of the study. Biases need to be considered by researchers implementing the standardized protocols as well as by users of observational epidemiological studies of ZIKV.