DC. Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud

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Acceso abierto
The 20 × 20 Latin American society of hypertension target
(2015-01) Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio; Molina, Dora I.
Acceso abierto
A Commentary on “COVID-19 impact on Surgical Training and Recovery Planning (COVID-STAR) - A cross-sectional observational study”
(2021-05-05) Ojeda-Gutiérrez, Andrés Mauricio; Quiroz-Martínez, María Bernarda; Ortega-Sierra, Michael Gregorio; Mendoza-Castillo, Luis Francisco; Lozada-Martínez, Ivan David; Salud Comuniudes
Acceso abierto
A community-based comprehensive intervention to reduce cardiovascular risk in hypertension (HOPE 4)
(2019-10-05) Schwalm, Jon-David; McCready, Tara; Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio; Yusoff, Khalid; Attaran, Amir; Lamelas, Pablo; Camacho López, Paul Anthony; Majid, Fadhlina; Bangdiwala, Shrikant I.; Thabane, Lehana; Islam, Shofiqul; McKee, Martin; Yusuf, Salim; Everest
Background Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease globally. Despite proven benefits, hypertension control is poor. We hypothesised that a comprehensive approach to lowering blood pressure and other risk factors, informed by detailed analysis of local barriers, would be superior to usual care in individuals with poorly controlled or newly diagnosed hypertension. We tested whether a model of care involving non-physician health workers (NPHWs), primary care physicians, family, and the provision of effective medications, could substantially reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Methods HOPE 4 was an open, community-based, cluster-randomised controlled trial involving 1371 individuals with new or poorly controlled hypertension from 30 communities (defined as townships) in Colombia and Malaysia. 16 communities were randomly assigned to control (usual care, n=727), and 14 (n=644) to the intervention. After community screening, the intervention included treatment of cardiovascular disease risk factors by NPHWs using tablet computer-based simplified management algorithms and counselling programmes; free antihypertensive and statin medications recommended by NPHWs but supervised by physicians; and support from a family member or friend (treatment supporter) to improve adherence to medications and healthy behaviours. The primary outcome was the change in Framingham Risk Score 10-year cardiovascular disease risk estimate at 12 months between intervention and control participants. The HOPE 4 trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01826019. Findings All communities completed 12-month follow-up (data on 97% of living participants, n=1299). The reduction in Framingham Risk Score for 10-year cardiovascular disease risk was −6·40% (95% CI 8·00 to −4·80) in the control group and −11·17% (−12·88 to −9·47) in the intervention group, with a difference of change of −4·78% (95% CI −7·11 to −2·44, p<0·0001). There was an absolute 11·45 mm Hg (95% CI −14·94 to −7·97) greater reduction in systolic blood pressure, and a 0·41 mmol/L (95% CI −0·60 to −0·23) reduction in LDL with the intervention group (both p<0·0001). Change in blood pressure control status (<140 mm Hg) was 69% in the intervention group versus 30% in the control group (p<0·0001). There were no safety concerns with the intervention. Interpretation A comprehensive model of care led by NPHWs, involving primary care physicians and family that was informed by local context, substantially improved blood pressure control and cardiovascular disease risk. This strategy is effective, pragmatic, and has the potential to substantially reduce cardiovascular disease compared with current strategies that are typically physician based. Funding Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Grand Challenges Canada; Ontario SPOR Support Unit and the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care; Boehringer Ingelheim; Department of Management of Non-Communicable Diseases, WHO; and Population Health Research Institute.
Acceso abierto
A novel method for isolation and culture of primary swine gastric epithelial cells
(2021-01-06) Bautista-Amorocho, Henry; Silva-Sayago, Jorge Alexander; Goyeneche-Patino, Diego A.; Pérez-Cala, Tania Liseth; Macías-Gómez, Fabio; Arango-Viana, Juan Carlos; Martínez, Alonso; CliniUDES
Background: Culturing primary epithelial cells has a major advantage over tumor-derived or immortalized cell lines as long as their functional phenotype and genetic makeup are mainly maintained. The swine model has shown to be helpful and reliable when used as a surrogate model for human diseases. Several porcine cell lines have been established based on a variety of tissues, which have shown to extensively contribute to the current understanding of several pathologies, especially cancer. However, protocols for the isolation and culture of swine gastric epithelial cells that preserve cell phenotype are rather limited. We aimed to develop a new method for establishing a primary epithelial cell culture from the fundic gland region of the pig stomach. Results: Mechanical and enzymatic dissociation of gastric tissue was possible by combining collagenase type I and dispase II, protease inhibitors and antioxidants, which allowed the isolation of epithelial cells from the porcine fundic glands showing cell viability > 90% during the incubation period. Gastric epithelial cells cultured in RPMI 1640, DMEM-HG and DMEM/F12 media did not contribute enough to cell adhesion, cluster formation and cell proliferation. By contrast, William’s E medium supplemented with growth factors supports confluency and proliferation of a pure epithelial cell monolayer after 10 days of incubation at 37 °C, 5% CO2. Mucin-producing cell phenotype of primary isolates was confirmed by PAS staining, MUC1 by immunohistochemistry, as well as the expression of MUC1 and MUC20 genes by RT-PCR and cDNA sequencing. Swine gastric epithelial cells also showed origin-specific markers such as cytokeratin cocktail (AE1/AE3) and cytokeratin 18 (CK-18) using immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence methods, respectively. Conclusions: A new method was successfully established for the isolation of primary gastric epithelial cells from the fundic gland zone through a swine model based on a combination of tissue-specific proteases, protease inhibitors and antioxidants after mechanical cell dissociation. The formulation of William’s E medium with growth factors for epithelial cells contributes to cell adhesion and preserves functional primary cells phenotype, which is confirmed by mucin production and expression of typical epithelial markers over time.
Acceso abierto
A pandemia por COVID-19: uma oportunidade para visibilizar a enfermagem em nível internacional
(2020-08-28) Torres-Contreras, Claudia Consuelo; Everest
Acceso abierto
A theranostic PSMA ligand for PET imaging and retargeting of T cells expressing the universal chimeric antigen receptor UniCAR
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2019-09-07) Arndt, Claudia; Feldmann, Anja; Koristka, Stefanie; Schäfer, Martin; Bergmann, Ralf; Mitwasi, Nicola; Berndt, Nicole; Bachmann, Dominik; Kegler, Alexandra; Schmitz, Marc; Puentes-Cala, Edinson; Soto, Javier-Andrés; Ehninger, Gerhard; Pietzsch, Jens; Liolios, Christos; Wunderlich, Gerd; Kotzerke, Jörg; Kopka, Klaus; Bachmann, Michael; Taylor & Francis Group
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown impressive therapeutic potential. Due to the lack of direct control mechanisms, therapy-related adverse reactions including cytokine release- and tumor lysis syndrome can even become life-threatening. In case of target antigen expression on non-malignant cells, CAR T cells can also attack healthy tissues. To overcome such side effects, we have established a modular CAR platform termed UniCAR: UniCAR T cells per se are inert as they recognize a peptide epitope (UniCAR epitope) that is not accessible on the surface of living cells. Bifunctional adapter molecules termed target modules (TM) can cross-link UniCAR T cells with target cells. In the absence of TMs, UniCAR T cells automatically turn off. Until now, all UniCAR TMs were constructed by fusion of the UniCAR epitope to an antibody domain. To open up the wide field of low-molecular-weight compounds for retargeting of UniCAR T cells to tumor cells, and to follow in parallel the progress of UniCAR T cell therapy by PET imaging we challenged the idea to convert a PET tracer into a UniCAR-TM. For proof of concept, we selected the clinically used PET tracer PSMA-11, which binds to the prostate-specific membrane antigen overexpressed in prostate carcinoma. Here we show that fusion of the UniCAR epitope to PSMA-11 results in a low-molecular-weight theranostic compound that can be used for both retargeting of UniCAR T cells to tumor cells, and for non-invasive PET imaging and thus represents a member of a novel class of theranostics.
Acceso abierto
Absence of hepatitis C infection among illegal drug users in Bucaramanga, Colombia
(2011-01) Bautista Amorocho, Henry; Jaimes Moreno, Brigitte Zorelly; Hincapié López, Martha-Lucía
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and identify risk factors associated with the transmission this virus among drug users. In 2009 we performed a cross-sectional study at three facilities handling cases of drug addiction and in one prison. 259 participants were interviewed to collect socio-demographic information and determine risk factors. Anti-HCV antibodies were identified with two different immunoassays. HCV prevalence was 0%. 98% of participants used illegal drugs either orally or nasally while 4.2% injected drugs. 78% of participants reported marijuana consumption, 51% reported consumption of bazuco (Colombian variant of crack cocaine), 50.2% reported cocaine consumption and 22.8% reported amphetamine consumption. 59% had consumed drugs for more than 5 years, 60.2% had tattoos, 17.8% had piercings, and 84.9% have practiced unsafe sex. HCV prevalence was lower than reported in previous studies of drug users in Latin-America. However, we identified risk factors that would facilitate HCV infection once the virus is introduced in this population.
Acceso abierto
Aceleración del proceso de compostaje de residuos post-cosecha (pulpa) del café con la aplicación de microorganismos nativos
(2010) Vásquez de Díaz, María Cristina; López, Andrea; Fuentes, Beatriz; Cote, Elva
Colombia, as a leading exporter of coffee smooth, in 2008 produced an average of 12 524 thousand bags of coffee, each 60 kg, of which 3 005 tones are coffee cherry, these large volumes produced post- harvest, are considered contaminants. These products can be used to produce organic fertilizer. The traditional composting process takes about 150 days because of that the decreasing time to 40 days, it is proposed. Isolation of microorganisms from a pre-enrichment in a basal medium cherry Saline (MBS) to obtain axenic cultures, were identified and tested for compatibility between the consortia to select strains tested. Four 4 biopiles were made with a weight of 175 kg each one and one control. They were inoculated by spraying with a concentration of 3 x 107 CFU/mL during 10, 20 and 30 days, with monitoring of physical parameters. They were isolated and identified 8 strains: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter koseri, Bacillus sp, Escherichia coli, Stenotrophomona maltophilia, Cromobacterium spp, Pseudomonas spp. The carbonnitrogen (C/N) ratio in the stack 1 (9.6 %), in the stack 2 (10 %), and the pile 4 (9.5 %) fulfilled the established values (< 20 %), showing maturity and sanitary quality with low levels of fecal coliform and total absence of Salmonella. The results in 40 days allowed a compost that meets the parameters established by the Colombian technical standard (5167 NTC, 2004).
Acceso abierto
Acoso escolar en adolescentes: rol, tipo de violencia y determinantes
(2020-10-26) Paez-Esteban, Astrid Nathalia; Torres-Contreras, Claudia Consuelo; Ortiz-Rodriguez, Sandra Patricia; Campos de Aldana, Maria Stella; Duarte-Bueno, Laura Maria; Nino de Silva, Beatriz Andrea del Pilar; Salud Pública UDES
Objetivo Determinar la prevalencia del acoso escolar y sus factores determinantes en adolescentes escolarizados. Método Estudio de corte transversal analítico en una muestra de adolescentes provenientes de 20 instituciones educativas públicas de una ciudad de Colombia, seleccionados mediante un muestreo probabilístico polietápico. Se realizó regresión binomial simple y multivariable. Resultados Participaron 500 adolescentes. El 50,4% eran mujeres y 53,2% en adolescencia media. Predominó la violencia verbal (66,5%) seguida de física (32,0%) y por exclusión (30,6%). El 69,5% de los adolescentes fueron testigos, 35,8% víctimas y 14,2% agresores. El 80,5% de los agresores fueron víctimas de acoso escolar. En el análisis multivariable, se encontró asociación entre ser víctima y presentar alguna discapacidad (RP 2,4 IC 1,6-3,7), agresión verbal en el hogar (RP 1,7 IC 1,2-2,3) y consumo de droga (RP 1,7 IC 1,1-2,8). Asimismo, ser agresor se asoció con ser víctima (RP 7,2 IC 3,6-14,3) y consumo de alcohol (RP 2,2 IC 1,3-3,8). Conclusión La frecuencia de acoso escolar observada y los factores determinantes asociados, evidencian la persistencia de esta problemática en los adolescentes y la necesidad de desarrollar una cultura de convivencia adecuada e incluyente que trascienda el escenario escolar.
Acceso abierto
Actividad antimicrobiana de aceites esenciales de Lippia alba y cymbopogon citratus sobre streptococcus mutans y citotoxicidad en células cho
(2016) Ortega Cuadros, Mailen; Tofiño Rivera, Adriana Patricia; Mena Álvarez, O.; Martínez Pabón, M.C.; Galvis Pareja, D.; Merini, Luciano J.
Background: Dental caries is a complex in- fectious disease of multifactorial origin in which interactions occur between plaque, tooth, biological determinants such as salivary f low, buffering capa- city and pH of saliva, predominant organisms, diet and behavioral socioeconomic factors; prevails in the 60-90% of the world’s school-age population. The existing prevention and treatment are not com- pletely effective and generate some side effects, so the search for complementary strategies is necessary for handling. Objetives: To evaluate the capabi- lity of essential oils on Lippia alba (Mill). N.E.Br and Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf to eradicate S. mutans biofilms and its toxicity on eukaryotic cells. Methods: Essential oils were extracted from plant material through steam distillation. Its chemical composition was determined for gas chromato- graphy with mass selective detector (GC-MS). It was used the MBEC-high-throughput technique to determine the removal concentration of S. mu- tans biofilms. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on CHO cells through The MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium. Results: The major components in both essential oils were Geraniol and Citral. Lippia alba essential oil applied in concen- tration of 0.01 mg / 100 mL removed 95.8% of S. mutans biofilm and C. citratus e s s ent i a l o i l s h o w e d a removal activity of 95.4% in the concentrations 0.1, 0.01mg /100 mL and 93.1% in concentration 0.001 mg / 100 mL. None of the essential oils showed toxicity to CHO cells in a 24-hour treatment, with signif icant differences in relation to the control with methanol (P = 0.00) which inhibits most cells. Conclusions: The L. alba and C. citratus essential oils showed eradication activity against S. mutans biof ilms and null cytotoxicity, evidencing a po- tential use in treating and preventing dental caries.
Acceso abierto
Adopción del rol maternal de la teorista Ramona Mercer al cuidado de enfermería binomio madre-hijo : Reporte de caso en la unidad materno infantil
(2011-01) Alvarado, Laura; Guarín, Luzmila; Cañón Montañez, Wilson
Introducción: Esta propuesta se centra en el papel maternal, donde la madre constituye un proceso de interacción y desarrollo. Cuando la madre logra el apego de su hijo, adquiere experiencia en su cuidado y experimenta la alegría y la gratificación de su papel. Mercer abarca varios factores maternales: edad, estado de salud, relación padre-madre y características del lactante. Además define la forma en que la madre percibe los acontecimientos vividos que influirán al momento de llevar los cuidados a su hijo con características innatas de su personalidad. Materiales y Métodos: Reporte de caso de una Usuaria con 30 años de edad, asiste a la unidad Materno Infantil por control de Ginecobstetricia donde se ordena ecografía obstétrica la cual reporta oligoamnios; es trasladada a cirugía para extracción de producto de sexo masculino por cesárea. En el puerperio tardío presenta dehiscencia de la herida quirúrgica. Resultados: Son diversas las actividades que desarrolla la enfermera para lograr cada vez mas una mejor situación de salud y por ende una mejor calidad de vida, con formación científica cumpliendo de ese modo con los criterios de la atención integral que implican la atención de lo físico, mental y espiritual. Discusión y Conclusiones: Es importante recalcar el cuidado materno perinatal de la profesión de enfermería que ejerce el rol desde diversos campos de acción y en las diferentes etapas de la procreación. La aplicación de esta teoría a la práctica asistencial sirvió como marco para la valoración, planificación, implantación y evaluación del cuidado del binomio madre – hijo, ayudando a simplificar un proceso muy complejo y facilitando su comprensión para la aplicación del mismo en la práctica.
Acceso abierto
Advancing the global public health agenda for NAFLD. A consensus statement
(Consensus Statement, 2022-01-05) Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Mark, Henry E.; Anstee, Quentin M.; Arab, Juan Pablo; Batterham, Rachel L.; Castera, Laurent; Cortez-Pinto, Helena; Crespo, Javier; Cusi, Kenneth; Ashworth Dirac, M.; Francque, Sven; George, Jacob; Hagström, Hannes; Huang, Terry T.-K.; Ismail, Mona H.; Kautz, Achim; Kumar Sarin, Shiv; Loomba, Rohit; Miller, Veronica; Newsome, Philip N.; Ninburg, Michael; Ocama, Ponsiano; Ratziu, Vlad; Rinella, Mary; Romero, Diana; Romero-Gómez, Manuel; Schattenberg, Jörn M.; Tsochatzis, Emmanuel A.; Valenti, Luca; Wai-Sun Wong, Vincent; Yilmaz, Yusuf; Younossi, Zobair M.; Zelber-Sagi, Shira; NAFLD Consensus Consortium; Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio; Masira
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a potentially serious liver disease that affects approximately one-quarter of the global adult population, causing a substantial burden of ill health with wide-ranging social and economic implications. It is a multisystem disease and is considered the hepatic component of metabolic syndrome. Unlike other highly prevalent conditions, NAFLD has received little attention from the global public health community. Health system and public health responses to NAFLD have been weak and fragmented, and, despite its pervasiveness, NAFLD is largely unknown outside hepatology and gastroenterology. There is only a nascent global public health movement addressing NAFLD, and the disease is absent from nearly all national and international strategies and policies for non-communicable diseases, including obesity. In this global Delphi study, a multidisciplinary group of experts developed consensus statements and recommendations, which a larger group of collaborators reviewed over three rounds until consensus was achieved. The resulting consensus statements and recommendations address a broad range of topics — from epidemiology, awareness, care and treatment to public health policies and leadership — that have general relevance for policy-makers, health-care practitioners, civil society groups, research institutions and affected populations. These recommendations should provide a strong foundation for a comprehensive public health response to NAFLD.
Acceso abierto
Aerosol box for intubation of patients with suspected COVID-19: simulation study
(2021-10-04) Alvarez-Robles, Saul; Torres-Contreras, Claudia Consuelo; Rivera Carvajal, Raquel; Lucigniani-Ariza, Víctor Manuel; Vivas-Garcia, Sonia Margarita; Masira
Introduction Endotracheal intubation is a procedure associated with a high level of exposure to the COVID-19 virus. This has led to the search of alternatives to reduce the risk of contamination, including the so-called aerosol box. ObjectiveTo compare time and difficulty of orotracheal intubation when using the aerosol box in a simulated setting. Methodology Observational study conducted with the participation of 33 anesthetist physicians and anesthesia residents; groups were compared in terms of time and intubation difficulty using a conventional Macintosh laryngoscope and the McGRATH™ MAC (Medtronic) videolaryngoscope with or without aerosol box. In order to determine performance with the intubation maneuver, crude hazard ratios were estimated, and a Cox multivariate regression model was built, adjusted by anesthetist years of experience and difficulties during the procedure. Results On average, the aerosol box increased intubation time by 7.57 seconds (SD 8.33) when the videolaryngoscope was used, and by 6.62 (SD 5.74) with the Macintosh. Overall, 132 intubations were performed, with 121 successful and 6 failed first-time attempts (4 with the use of the aerosol box); 16 participants (48.48%) reported difficulty handling the box. With the use of the Macintosh, intubation was found to be faster than with the videolaryngoscope (cHR: 1.36 [95% CI 0.64-2.88]; adjusted HR: 2.20 [95% CI 0.73-6.62]). Conclusions The use of the aerosol box and personal protective equipment in a simulation setting hinders the intubation maneuver and may result in protracted execution time.
Restringido
Aged garlic extract improves adiponectin levels in subjects with metabolic syndrome : A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study
(2013-01) Gómez Arbeláez, Diego; Lahera, Vicente; Oubiña, Maria del Pilar; Valero Muñoz, Maria; De las Heras, Natalia; Rodríguez, Yudy; García, Ronald G.; Camacho López, Paul Anthony; Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio
Background. Garlic (Allium sativum) has been shown to have important benefits in individuals at high cardiovascular risk. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the administration of aged garlic extract (AGE) on the risk factors that constitute the cluster of metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods and Design. Double-blind, crossover, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of 1.2 g/day of AGE (Kyolic), for 24 weeks of treatment (12 weeks of AGE and 12 weeks of placebo), on subjects with MS. Results. The administration of AGE increased the plasma levels of adiponectin (𝑃 = 0.027). No serious side effects associated with the intervention were reported. Conclusion. The present results have shown for the first time that the administration of AGE for 12 weeks increased plasma adiponectin levels in patients with MS. This suggests that AGE might be a useful, novel, nonpharmacological therapeutic intervention to increase adiponectin and to prevent cardiovascular (CV) complications in individuals with MS.
Acceso abierto
Aislamiento de patógenos comunes asociados con enfermedad diarreica aguda en menores de 5 años, Bucaramanga, Colombia
(2009-08) Uribe Yepes, Marta Amparo; Rodríguez Villamizar, Laura Andrea; Gómez González, Yolanda Astrid; Olaya Gamboa, Lina Evelia; Rodríguez Santamaría, Sandra Milena
Introducción: La enfermedad diarreica aguda continúa siendo una de las primeras causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en menores de cinco años. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de los agentes patógenos comunes asociados con enfermedad diarreica aguda en niños menores de cinco años atendidos en los servicios de urgencias de instituciones de salud de Bucaramanga. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal con recolección prospectiva. Las muestras se recolectaron aleatoriamente durante los turnos de mañana, tarde y noche; a cada muestra se le realizó diagnóstico para rotavirus, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, parásitos y coccidias. Resultados: Se estudiaron 180 menores de cinco años con una mediana de edad de 12 meses. El 44,4% (IC 95% 37,1-52,0) de los episodios de diarrea fue causada por rotavirus. En el 8,9% (IC 95% 5,2-14,0) de los casos se encontró Blastocystis hominis, 7,8% (IC 95% 4,3-12,8) Giardia duodenalis, 7,8% (IC 95% 4,3-12,8) Salmonella spp, 5,0% (IC 95% 2,3-9,3) Entamoeba histolytica dispar, 2,8% (IC 95% 0,9-6,4) Shigella spp, 2,8% (IC 95% 0,9-6,4) Entamoeba histolytica mas Blastocystis hominis, 0,6% (IC 95% 0,0-3,1) Giardia duodenalis mas Entamoeba histolytica, y 0,6% (IC 95% 0,0-3,1) rotavirus mas Blastocystis hominis. En el 19,4% de los niños no se encontró ningún microorganismo por los métodos utilizados en el estudio. Conclusión: Rotavirus tiene un importante papel en el municipio de Bucaramanga como principal agente patógeno asilado asociado con enfermedad diarreica aguda en niños menores de cinco años. [Uribe Yepes MA, Rodríguez Villamizar LA, Gómez González YA, Olaya Gamboa LE, Rodríguez Santamaría SM. Aislamientos de patógenos comunes asociados con enfermedad diarreica aguda en menores de cinco años, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
Acceso abierto
Alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease, cancer, injury, admission to hospital, and mortality : A prospective cohort study
(2015-10-14) Smyth, Andrew; Teo, Koon; Rangarajan, Sumathy; O’Donnell, Martin J.; Zhang, Xiaohe; Rana, Punam; Leong, Darryl P.; Dagenais, Gilles; Seron, Pamela; Rosengren, Annika; Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth; Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio; Oguz, Ayetkin; Chifamba, Jephat; Diaz, Rafael; Lear, Scott A.; Avezum, Alvaro; Kumar, Rajesh; Mohan, Viswanathan; Szuba, Andrzej; Wei, Li; Yang, Wang; Jian, Bo; McKee, Martin; Yusuf, Salim; The PURE (Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology) Study investigators
Background Alcohol consumption is proposed to be the third most important modifiable risk factor for death and disability. However, alcohol consumption has been associated with both benefits and harms, and previous studies were mostly done in high-income countries. We investigated associations between alcohol consumption and outcomes in a prospective cohort of countries at different economic levels in five continents. Methods We included information from 12 countries participating in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study, a prospective cohort study of individuals aged 35–70 years. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to study associations with mortality (n=2723), cardiovascular disease (n=2742), myocardial infarction (n=979), stroke (n=817), alcohol-related cancer (n=764), injury (n=824), admission to hospital (n=8786), and for a composite of these outcomes (n=11 963). Findings We included 114 970 adults, of whom 12 904 (11%) were from high-income countries (HICs), 24 408 (21%) were from upper-middle-income countries (UMICs), 48 845 (43%) were from lower-middle-income countries (LMICs), and 28 813 (25%) were from low-income countries (LICs). Median follow-up was 4·3 years (IQR 3·0–6·0). Current drinking was reported by 36 030 (31%) individuals, and was associated with reduced myocardial infarction (hazard ratio [HR] 0·76 [95% CI 0·63–0·93]), but increased alcohol-related cancers (HR 1·51 [1·22–1·89]) and injury (HR 1·29 [1·04–1·61]). High intake was associated with increased mortality (HR 1·31 [1·04–1·66]). Compared with never drinkers, we identified significantly reduced hazards for the composite outcome for current drinkers in HICs and UMICs (HR 0·84 [0·77–0·92]), but not in LMICs and LICs, for which we identified no reductions in this outcome (HR 1·07 [0·95–1·21]; pinteraction<0·0001). Interpretation Current alcohol consumption had differing associations by clinical outcome, and differing associations by income region. However, we identified sufficient commonalities to support global health strategies and national initiatives to reduce harmful alcohol use. Funding Population Health Research Institute, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario, AstraZeneca (Canada), Sanofi-Aventis (France and Canada), Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany and Canada), Servier, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, King Pharma, and national or local organisations in participating countries.
Acceso abierto
Alteraciones tiroideas en diabetes mellitus tipo 2 - Thyroid alterations in type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Revista Latinoamericana de Hipersensible, 2019-10-01) Sierra-Castrillo, J.; Gómez Rave, Liz J.; Chacín-González, M.; Quintero, JR; Bermúdez Pirela, Valmore
Diabetes mellitus is one of the world’s leading non-communicable diseases. It leads to alterations in glucose metabolism due to the low availability of insulin or resistance to its action. Recent studies indicate that there is a relationship between diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction, mediated by disturbances in the hypothalamus - pituitary - thyroid axis, and reduced deiodinase activity, synergism of mitogenic routes, increased inflammatory status, oxi-dative stress and insulin resistance. The most frequent alteration is subclinical hypothyroidism and it occurs more frequently in women, so it is suggested to periodically perform the thyroid profile to these patients. It is necessary that in clinical practice these implications are taken into account in order to provide timely treatment, improve complications such as cardiovascular disease and reduce morbidity and mortality rates.
Acceso abierto
Alternancia Escolar: Un reto para garantizar la salud y la vida de la comunidad educativa
(2021-05-05) Oróstegui-Arenas, Myriam; Bautista-Lorenzo, Leonelo Enrique; Martínez Vega, Ruth Aralí; Sosa Ávila, Luis Miguel; Vera Cala, Lina María; Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura Andrea; Herrera Galindo, Víctor Mauricio; Salud Comuniudes
Acceso abierto
Aminothiazole Ligand-Type Dioxo-Mo(VI) Complex Anchored on TiO2 Nanotubes for Selective Oxidation of Monoterpenes with Light and O2
(2022-06-27) Martinez-Quiñonez, Henry; Amaya, Alvaro A.; Paez-Mozo, Edgar A.; Martinez-Ortega, Fernando; Ciencias UDES
Selective Oxygen Atom Transfer to α-pinene, β-pinene, (R)-limonene and camphene by dioxo-Mo(VI)Ln complex {Ln = 2-aminothiazole-4-carboxylic acid} anchored on TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2-NT) using O2 as oxidant and UV light was studied at ambient conditions. The Catalytic system was characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C, and elemental analysis. Molecular oxygen reoxidizes the (Mo(IV)=O) reduced unit in the darkness, forming an oxo-peroxo-Mo intermediate. The catalyst under UV radiation transfers two oxygen atoms to the olefin. The α-pinene is found to be the most reactive monoterpene.
Acceso abierto
An oligo-His-tag of a targeting module does not influence its biodistribution and the retargeting capabilities of UniCAR T cells
(2019-07-29) Jureczek, Justyna; Bergmann, Ralf; Berndt, Nicole; Koristka, Stefanie; Kegler, Alexandra; Puentes-Cala, Edinson; Soto, Javier-Andrés; Arndt, Claudia; Bachmann, Michael; Feldmann, Anja
Recently, we established the controllable modular UniCAR platform technology to advance the efficacy and safety of CAR T cell therapy. The UniCAR system is composed of (i) target modules (TMs) and (ii) UniCAR armed T cells. TMs are bispecific molecules that are able to bind to the tumor cell surface and simultaneously to UniCAR T cells. For interaction with UniCAR T cells, TMs contain a peptide epitope sequence which is recognised by UniCAR T cells. So far, a series of TMs against a variety of tumor targets including against the prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) were constructed and functionally characterised. In order to facilitate their purification all these TMs are expressed as recombinant proteins equipped with an oligo-His-tag. The aim of the here presented manuscript was to learn whether or not the oligo-His-tag of the TM influences the UniCAR system. For this purpose, we constructed TMs against PSCA equipped with or lacking an oligo-His-tag. Both TMs were compared side by side including for functionality and biodistribution. According to our data, an oligo-His-tag of a UniCAR TM has only little if any effect on its binding affinity, in vitro and in vivo killing capability and in vivo biodistribution.

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