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Actividad Antimicrobiana de Aceites Esenciales Derivados de Lippia alba Sobre los Odontopatógenos Candida albicans y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

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dc.contributor.advisorGuerra Sierra, Beatriz Elena
dc.contributor.advisorQuintero, Wendy Lorena
dc.contributor.authorCaicedo-Jiménez, Karen Alexandra
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-19T20:23:44Z
dc.date.available2022-01-19T20:23:44Z
dc.date.issued2021-11-26
dc.descriptionDigitalspa
dc.description.abstractEl presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de aceites esenciales derivados de Lippia alba sobre Candida albicans y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans causantes de infecciones orales. Inicialmente, se evaluó la cinética de crecimiento de los microorganismos durante 48 h mediante espectrofotometría (600 nm), posteriormente se determinó la actividad antimicrobiana in vitro de aceites esenciales (AEs) derivados de L. alba y de sus terpenos bioactivos (óxido de cariofileno, citral y carvona) mediante microdilución en caldo (de forma individual y en combinación) y su actividad fungicida y bactericida. Los resultados fueron expresados como la concentración inhibitoria mínima (CIM) y el análisis estadístico se realizó mediante el uso del software (GraphPad Prism 5.0). Se encontró que los AEs del quimiotipo citral (F2 y F4) exhibieron la mejor actividad antimicrobiana (C. albicans: CIM 500μg/mL, concentración fungicida mínima (CFM) 1000 μg/mL; A. actinomycemtemcomitans: CIM 250 μg/mL y concentación bactericida mínima (CBM) 500 μg/mL; que las alcanzadas con los aceites del quimiotipo carvona y las referencias comerciales. Finalmente, los terpenos del quimiotipo citral (F2 y F4) evidenciaron la mejor interacción sinérgica in vitro contra la bacteria y (citral+OCN) para la levadura (CIF=0.41±0.11; μg/mL). Los resultados obtenidos representan una alternativa promisoria para el control de los microorganismos que causan la periodontitis.spa
dc.description.abstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils derived from Lippia alba on Candida albicans and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans causing oral infections. Initially, the growth kinetics of microorganisms were evaluated during 48 h by spectrophotometry (600 nm), in vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EO) derived from L. alba and its bioactive terpenes (caryophyllene, citral and carvone oxide) were subsequently determined by microdilution in broth (individually and in combination) and their fungicidal and bactericidal activity. The results were expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 5.0 software. It was found that the EO of the citral chemotype (F2 and F4) exhibited the best antimicrobial activity (C. albicans: MIC 500μg/mL, minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) 1000 μg/mL; A. actinomycemtemcomitans: CIM 250 μg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) 500 μg/mL; than achieved with the oils of the chemotype carvona and commercial references. Finally, the terpenes of the citral chemotype (F2 and F4) showed the best in vitro synergistic interaction against bacteria and (citral+OCN) for yeast. The results obtained represent a promising alternative for the control of microorganisms that cause periodontitiseng
dc.description.degreelevelPregradospa
dc.description.degreenameMicrobiólogo Industrialspa
dc.description.edition1° ed.spa
dc.description.tableofcontentsIntroducción................................................................................................................. 17 Planteamiento del Problema .............................................................................. 20 Justificación del Problema................................................................................. 23 Pregunta de Investigación....................................................................................... 26 Hipótesis............................................................................................................. 27 4.1 Hipótesis Alternativa..................................................................................... 27 4.2 Hipótesis Nula................................................................................................... 27 Marco Teórico.................................................................................................... 28 5.1 El Periodonto.................................................................................................... 28 5.1.1 La Encía............................................................................................................ 28 5.1.2 El Ligamento Periodontal................................................................................. 29 5.1.3 El Cemento Radicular........................................................................................ 29 5.1.4 El hueso Alveolar........................................................................................... 29 5.2 Infecciones Orales......................................................................................... 29 5.2.1 Enfermedad Periodontal............................................................................ 30 5.2.2 Periodontitis...................................................................................................... 30 5.2.2.1 Clasificación....................................................................................................... 5.3 Microbiota Oral.................................................................................................... 31 5.3.1 Microorganismos en las Infecciones Odontogénicas..................................... 32 5.3.2 Candida albicans............................................................... 32 5.3.3 Morfología...................................................................................................... 32 5.3.4 Patogénesis y Factores de Virulencia........................................................... 33 5.3.5 Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans..................................................... 34 5.3.6 Morfología.................................................................................................... 35 5.3.7 Factores de Virulencia.................................................................................. 35 5.4 Tratamientos Clásicos....................................................................................... 37 5.4.1 Clorhexidina...................................................................................................... 37 5.4.2 Mecanismo de Acción................................................................................... 37 5.4.3 Tetraciclinas.................................................................................................. 38 5.5 Tratamientos Alternativos............................................................................... 39 5.5.1 Lippia alba...................................................................................................... 39 5.5.2 Actividad Biológica de Lippia alba................................................................. 42 5.5.3 Actividad Antifúngica de Lippia alba.......................................................... 42 5.5.4 Actividad Antibacteriana de Lippia alba...................................................... 43 5.6 Aceites Esenciales........................................................................................... 43 5.6.1 Actividad Antimicrobiana de los Aceites Esenciales.................................... 45 5.6.2 Terpenos de L. alba........................................................................................ 45 5.6.3 Citral............................................................................................................... 46 5.6.4 Óxido de Cariofileno..................................................................................... 46 5.6.5 Carvona.......................................................................................................... 47 Antecedentes.......................................................................................... 48 Objetivos............................................................................................................. 52 7.1 Objetivo General ............................................................................................ 52 7.2 Objetivos Específicos...................................................................................... 52 8 Metodología..................................................................................................... 53 8.1 Diseño del Estudio ......................................................................................... 53 8.2 Materiales........................................................................................................ 53 8.2.1 Candida albicans (ATCC 18804)...................................................................... 54 8.2.2 Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (ATCC 29522) ........................ 54 8.2.3 Aceites Esenciales Derivados de L. alba ..................................................... 54 8.3 Recolección de la Información ...................................................................... 54 8.3.1 Curva de Crecimiento ................................................................................ 54 8.3.2 Concentración Inhibitoria Mínima (CIM) ..................................................... 55 8.3.3 Determinación de la Concentración Fungicida Mínima (CFM) y Concentración Mínima Bactericida (CBM) ................................................................................... 57 8.4 Interacciones Farmacológicas Sobre los Odontopatógenos........................... 57 8.5 Análisis de Datos............................................................................................ 60 Resultados....................................................................................................... 61 9.1 Interacción Farmacológica de los Terpenos Sobre C. albicans y A actinomycetemcomitans....................................................................................... 67 Discusión.......................................................................................................... 72 Conclusiones...................................................................................................... 81 Recomendaciones.............................................................................................. 82 Referencias Bibliográficas....................................................................................... 83spa
dc.format.extent110 pspa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.localT 33.21 C141a
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.udes.edu.co/handle/001/5930
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad de Santanderspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Agropecuariasspa
dc.publisher.placeBucaramanga, Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.programMicrobiología Industrialspa
dc.rightsDerechos Reservados - Universidad de Santander, 2021spa
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.creativecommonsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)spa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/spa
dc.subject.proposalAntimicrobianospa
dc.subject.proposalFungicidaspa
dc.subject.proposalBactericidaspa
dc.subject.proposalLippia albaspa
dc.subject.proposalAntimicrobialeng
dc.subject.proposalFungicidaleng
dc.subject.proposalBactericidaleng
dc.titleActividad Antimicrobiana de Aceites Esenciales Derivados de Lippia alba Sobre los Odontopatógenos Candida albicans y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansspa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Pregradospa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fspa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TPspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionspa
dcterms.audienceTodas las Audienciasspa
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