Examinando por Autor "Díaz Quijano, Fredi Alexander"

Mostrando 1 - 6 de 6
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Asociación de la percepción del riesgo y la experiencia con los conocimientos actitudes y prácticas sobre el dengue en la población de Riohacha, La Guajira, Colombia
    (Bucaramanga : Universidad de Santander, 2017, 2017-05-22) Benítez Díaz, Liliana; Martínez Vega, Ruth Aralí; Díaz Quijano, Fredi Alexander
    El dengue es una enfermedad endémica en La Guajira y su capital Riohacha, aporta la mayoría de los casos reportados por la región. Siguiendo las recomendaciones de la OMS para el control del dengue, las cuales enfatizan en la importancia de la movilización social y la comunicación en salud, para lograr cambios de comportamiento en la comunidad, orientados hacía la eliminación de criaderos de mosquitos, se ha propuesto realizar una investigación para estimar la asociación entre la percepción del riesgo y la experiencia de casos de dengue con los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) sobre dengue, en la población de Riohacha, La Guajira, con el fin de planear programas de intervención adaptados a las necesidades y realidades de la localidad. Para ésto se diseñó un estudio analítico de corte transversal, mediante muestreo probabilístico, polietápico por conglomerados, los datos recolectados se analizaron para su descripción y se ajustaron modelos de regresión log binomial o de Poisson opción robusta, con los que se establecieron las asociaciones. Se entrevistaron 206 familias y menos del 10% saben la naturaleza viral del dengue y menos del 40% identificaron otros síntomas diferentes a la fiebre. En cuanto a las prácticas, menos del 40% de la población realiza eliminación de criaderos y el 58% fumiga. La participación en actividades comunitarias fue menor del 30% en la mayoría de ellas, sin embargo, más del 80% de la población percibe el riesgo de dengue. El análisis multivariado mostró una asociación significativa entre la percepción del riesgo con el conocimiento sobre el vector (RP=3,32 IC95% 1,06–10,36) y la experiencia de dengue con la actitud frente al control del dengue (RP=1,61 IC95% 1,09–2,37). En conclusión, la percepción del riesgo y la experiencia con dengue podrían jugar un papel determinante en los CAP frente al control del dengue.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Environmental and socio-economic determinants associated with the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the northeast of Colombia
    (2017-12) Gutiérrez, Juan David; Martínez Vega, Ruth Aralí; Ramoni Perazzi, Josefa; Díaz Quijano, Fredi Alexander; Gutiérrez, Reinaldo; Ruiz, Freddy J; Botello, Hector A.; Gil, María; González, Juan; Palencia, Mario
    Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne disease that is widely distributed in most tropical regions. Colombia has experienced an important increase in its incidence during the last decade. There are CL transmission foci in the Colombian departments of Santander and Norte de Santander. Objectives: To identify environmental and socio-economic variables associated with CL incidence in the municipalities of the northeast of Colombia between 2007 and 2016. Methods: This was an ecological study of CL cases aggregated by municipality. The cases reported during the study period were analyzed with a negative binomial regression to obtain the adjusted incident rate ratio for environmental and socio-economic variables. Findings: During the study period, 10 924 cases of CL were reported, and 110 (86.6%) municipalities reported at least one CL case. The coverages of forest (aIRR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.07), heterogeneous agricultural zones (aIRR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02–1.06) and permanent crops (aIRR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.12) were associated with a higher incidence of CL. Conversely, urban functionality (aIRR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.96), minimal-altitude above sea level (aIRR 0.84, 95% CI 0.79–0.90) and shrub coverage (aIRR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95–1.0) were negatively associated with the incidence of CL in the municipality. Main conclusions: Our results confirm the importance of environmental determinants, such as height above sea level, and coverage of forest, permanent crops and heterogeneous agricultural zones, for the occurrence of CL; these findings also suggest the importance of shrub coverage. Furthermore, urban functionality was a socio-economic determinant independently associated with CL incidence.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Influencia de la rehabilitación cardíaca sobre la tasa de re-hospitalización en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio, Santander, Colombia
    (2012-07) Naranjo Estupiñan, Néstor F.; Díaz Quijano, Fredi Alexander; García, Ronald G.
    The influence of cardiac rehabilitation on acute myocardial infarction patients’ readmission rates in Santander, Colombia Objective Estimating the effect of post-infarction cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on readmission/re-hospitalization rates according to intervention level. Method This was a prospective cohort study of patients diagnosed as suffering acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Data concerning infarction severity, previous illness, medical history, hospital course, Killip classification, length of hospital stay and condition on discharge. Medical records and telephone contact were used to confirm whether a patient had received CR and ascertain pertinent components. Follow-up was extended to one year. Results 96 AMI patients of both genders were included; information about CR was available for 72 of them,5 of whom had received CR based only on physical activity. 49 patients received complete CR based on education, physical activity, psychological and nutritional assessment. 18 patients had not received CR. One death and 10 new admissions/hospitalizations were recorded during follow-up. A Poisson regression model showed that patients who had received CR based only on physical activity presented significantly higher re-hospitalization rates than patients who had received a complete CR scheme (rate ratio 5.89:1.14-30.4995 % CI; p=0.04). Conclusions A multidisciplinary approach must bead opted to CR involving physical activity, education and psychological and nutritional assessment.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Peridomestic Infection as a Determining Factor of Dengue Transmission
    (2015-12-15) Martínez Vega, Ruth Aralí; Danis Lozano, Rogelio; Díaz Quijano, Fredi Alexander; Velasco Hernández, Jorge; Santos Luna, René; Román Pérez, Susana; Kuri Morales, Pablo Antonio; Ramos Castañeda, José
    Background The study of endemic dengue transmission is essential for proposing alternatives to impact its burden. The traditional paradigm establishes that transmission starts around cases, but there are few studies that determine the risk. Methods To assess the association between the peridomestic dengue infection and the exposure to a dengue index case (IC), a cohort was carried out in two Mexican endemic communities. People cohabitating with IC or living within a 50-meter radius (exposed cohort) and subjects of areas with no ICs in a 200-meter radius (unexposed cohort) were included. Results Exposure was associated with DENV infection in cohabitants (PRa 3.55; 95%CI 2.37–5.31) or neighbors (PRa 1.82; 95%CI 1.29–2.58). Age, location, toilets with no direct water discharge, families with children younger than 5 and the House Index, were associated with infection. Families with older than 13 were associated with a decreased frequency. After a month since the IC fever onset, the infection incidence was not influenced by exposure to an IC or vector density; it was influenced by the local seasonal behavior of dengue and the age. Additionally, we found asymptomatic infections accounted for 60% and a greater age was a protective factor for the presence of symptoms (RR 0.98; 95%CI 0.97–0.99). Conclusion The evidence suggests that dengue endemic transmission in these locations is initially peridomestic, around an infected subject who may be asymptomatic due to demographic structure and endemicity, and it is influenced by other characteristics of the individual, the neighborhood and the location. Once the transmission chain has been established, dengue spreads in the community probably by the adults who, despite being the group with lower infection frequency, mostly suffer asymptomatic infections and have higher mobility. This scenario complicates the opportunity and the effectiveness of control programs and highlights the need to apply multiple measures for dengue control.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    A prospective cohort study to assess seroprevalence, incidence, knowledge, attitudes and practices, willingness to pay for vaccine and related risk factors in dengue in a high incidence setting
    (2016-10-25) Martínez Vega, Ruth Aralí; Rodríguez Morales, Alfonso J.; Bracho Churio, Yalil Tomás; Castro Salas, Mirley Enith; Galvis Ovallos, Fredy; Díaz Quijano, Ronald Giovanny; Luna González, María Lucrecia; Castellanos, Jaime E.; Ramos Castañeda, José; Díaz Quijano, Fredi Alexander
    Background: Dengue is one of the most important vector-borne diseases in the world, causing significant morbidity and economic impact. In Colombia, dengue is a major public health problem. Departments of La Guajira, Cesar and Magdalena are dengue endemic areas. The objective of this research is to determine the seroprevalence and the incidence of dengue virus infection in the participating municipalities from these Departments, and also establish the association between individual and housing factors and vector indices with seroprevalence and incidence. We will also assess knowledge, attitudes and practices, and willingness-to-pay for dengue vaccine. Methods: A cohort study will be assembled with a clustered multistage sampling in 11 endemic municipalities. Approximately 1000 homes will be visited to enroll people older than one year who living in these areas, who will be followed for 1 year. Dengue virus infections will be evaluated using IgG indirect ELISA and IgM and IgG capture ELISA. Additionally, vector indices will be measured, and adult mosquitoes will be captured with aspirators. Ovitraps will be used for continuous estimation of vector density. Discussion: This research will generate necessary knowledge to design and implement strategies with a multidimensional approach that reduce dengue morbidity and mortality in La Guajira and other departments from Colombian Caribbean.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Susceptibilidad a antibióticos en patógenos aislados de niños hospitalizados y ambulatorios en centros hospitalarios de las ciudad de Bogotá, D.C. 2010-2015
    (Bucaramanga : Universidad de Santander, 2017, 2017-08-25) De La Hoz Celis, Rodolfo A.; Aguilar Jiménez, Jhancy Rocío; Díaz Quijano, Fredi Alexander
    The increase in resistance to antibiotics, constitutes a threat to human health and one of the biggest concerns in the world. For this reason, since 2001, the Group for the Control of Antimicrobial Resistance in Bogota (GREBO) has implemented a surveillance system according to the World Health Organization. Objective. To determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of bacteria isolated from pediatric patients in the hospital and outpatient settings of public and private institutions of the city of Bogotá D.C., from January 2010 to December 2015. Methodology. A retrospective descriptive observational study was performed. We included 61,347 bacterial isolates of pediatric patients from the hospital, pediatric ICU, neonatal ICU and outpatient clinics of ten public and private institutions in the city of Bogotá. We studied secondary source variables related to demographic and clinical aspects of patients, as well as those related to clinical laboratory diagnosis. The antibiotics to be analyzed were defined according to the established clinical protocols and the corresponding antibacterial spectrum. Stata 12.0 © was used for the statistical analysis and frequency, central tendency and dispersion measures were used. Results. It was evidenced an increase of E.coli resistance from the year 2010 to 2015. Antibiotics such as ampicillin Sulbactam, Cefotaxime, Cefepime, Ertapenem have lost sensitivity to this germ. Imipenem, Meropenem and Amikacin maintained good sensitivity patterns for S. aureus and there was no significant decrease in sensitivity to oxacillin. Conclusion. Socializing the interior of health institutions, the results of surveillance systems in antibiotic resistance, ensure adequate treatments and improve the resistance patterns of some bacteria to antibiotics.