Examinando por Materia "Biomarkers"

Mostrando 1 - 3 de 3
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Detección de genes bacterianos como Biomarcadores moleculares asociados a la contaminación antropogénica de un cuerpo de agua superficial
    (Bucaramanga, Universidad de Santander, 2019, 2019-01-23) Cano Larrotta, Ana María José Candelaria; Valdivieso Quintero, Wilfredo
    La presencia del hombre ha favorecido la introducción de nuevos elementos como metales pesados y moléculas complejas que llegan a afectar a los organismos presentes que actúan como receptores permitiendo la transferencia de genes y/o la dismunicón de las poblaciones de los mismos. Estos efectos son ocasionados, en particular por los antibióticos que se han denominado contaminantes emergentes por su producción a gran escala, el uso indiscriminado por las personas y la falta de regulación de los mismos. Y a los hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos (HAP) que se encuentran cada vez más en compuestos del cuidado personal. Esto junto con la falta de planes para la disposición de antibióticos caducados y de productos del cuidado personal, favorecen la introducción de estas moléculas a los acuíferos urbanos. Al existir diferentes moléculas en el medio acuático no llegan a conocerse todas mediante herramientas convencionales. Por lo tanto, con este estudio se busca una alternativa para poder conocer los contaminantes presentes en los sedimentos y en el agua asociados a la presión antropogénica, mediante el uso de biomarcadores moleculares no destructivos. Para la detección de los genes asociados a los contaminantes se seleccionaron 8 puntos a lo largo de un acuífero y se amplificaron mediante la RCP. Se observó que en los lugares de mayor presión antropogénica se detectan una mayor amplificación de genes asociados a antibióticos y HAP.
  • Publicación
    Restringido
    Peripheral Blood MCEMP1 Gene Expression as a Biomarker for Stroke Prognosis
    (2016-01-12) Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio; Raman, Kripa; O’Donnell, Martin J.; Czlonkowska, Anna; Duarte, Yan Carlos; Peñaherrera, Ernesto; Sharma, Mike; Shoamanesh, Ashkan; Skowronska, Marta; Yusuf, Salim; Paré, Guillaume
    Background and Purpose—A limitation when making early decisions on stroke management is the lack of rapid diagnostic and prognostic testing. Our study sought to identify peripheral blood RNA biomarkers associated with stroke. The secondary aims were to assess the discriminative capacity of RNA biomarkers for primary stroke type and stroke prognosis at 1-month. Methods—Whole-blood gene expression profiling was conducted on the discovery cohort: 129 first-time stroke cases that had blood sampling within 5 days of symptom onset and 170 control participants with no history of stroke. Results—Through multiple regression analysis, we determined that expression of the gene MCEMP1 had the strongest association with stroke of 11181 genes tested. MCEMP1 increased by 2.4-fold in stroke when compared with controls (95% confidence interval, 2.0–2.8; P=8.2×10−22). In addition, expression was elevated in intracerebral hemorrhage when compared with ischemic stroke cases (P=3.9×10−4). MCEMP1 was also highest soon after symptom onset and had no association with stroke risk factors. Furthermore, MCEMP1 expression independently improved discrimination of 1-month outcome. Indeed, discrimination models for disability and mortality that included MCEMP1 expression, baseline modified Rankin Scale score, and primary stroke type improved discrimination when compared with a model without MCEMP1 (disability Net Reclassification Index, 0.76; P=3.0×10−6 and mortality Net Reclassification Index, 1.3; P=1.1×10−9). Significant associations with MCEMP1 were confirmed in an independent validation cohort of 28 stroke cases and 34 controls. Conclusions—This study demonstrates that peripheral blood expression of MCEMP1 may have utility for stroke diagnosis and as a prognostic biomarker of stroke outcome at 1-month.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Use of molecular biomarkers in studies of aquatic environmental impact
    (2016-06-27) Valdivieso Quintero, Wilfredo; Zafra, German
    Molecular biomarkers refer to specific genes and/or its products present in ecosystems which have been exposed to physic or chemical alterations as a result of anthropogenic activities. These molecules are useful to estimate both change and spread of the damage level. The studies of DNA specific sequences, gene expression and proteins production allow to understand the consequences of the presence of specific pollutants or its mixtures in different ecosystems, but mainly in aquatic environments. To date, different gene targets have been used to understand the consequences derived by the introduction of specific pollutants into the environment and serve as excellent tools for environmental toxicology studies. In this review, some of the most commonly reported molecular biomarkers used to monitor the environmental impact in aquatic ecosystems and the pertinent considerations when they are used in environmental risk assessment studies are described.