Examinando por Materia "Cutaneous leishmaniasis"

Mostrando 1 - 5 de 5
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Complex ecological interactions across a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Eastern Colombia: Novel description of Leishmania species, hosts and phlebotomine fauna: Ecological of cutaneous Leishmaniasis
    (royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rsos, 2020-07-08) Sandoval Ramírez, Claudia-Magaly; Hernández, Carolina; Teherán, Aníbal A.; Gutierrez-Marin, Reinaldo; Martínez Vega, Ruth Aralí; CIBAS
    This study aimed to analyse the patterns of diversity, blood sources and Leishmania species of phlebotomines in a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Arboledas, Eastern Colombia. In total, 1729 phlebotomines were captured in two localities (62.3% Siravita and 37.7% Cinera) and five environments of Norte de Santander. We identified 18 species of phlebotomines: Pintomyia ovallesi (29.8%), Psychodopygus davisi (20.3%), Pi. spinicrassa (18.5%) and Lutzomyia gomezi (15.8%) showed the highest abundance. Species diversities were compared between Cinera (15.00) and Siravita (20.00) and among five microenvironments: forest remnants (19.49), coffee plantations (12.5), grassland (12.99), cane plantations (11.66) and citrus plantations (12.22). Leishmania DNA was detected in 5.8% (80/1380) of females, corresponding mainly to Pi. ovallesi (22/80; 27.2%), Lu. gomezi (17/80; 21.3%) and Pi. spinicrassa (11/80; 13.8%). Leishmania species were 63.1% L. braziliensis, 18.5% L. panamensis, 13.2% L. infantum and 6.1% L. amazonensis. The most frequent feeding sources were Homo sapiens (50%), Bos taurus (13.8%) and Canis lupus familiaris (10.3%). This focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis has a high diversity of Leishmania-carrying phlebotomines that feed on domestic animals. The transmission of leishmaniasis to human hosts was mainly associated with Lu. gomezi, Pi. ovallesi and L. braziliensis.
  • Publicación
    Restringido
    Double blind, randomized controlled trial, to evaluate the effectiveness of a controlled nitric oxide releasing patch versus meglumine antimoniate in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis [NCT00317629]
    (2006-05-15) Silva, Sandra Y.; Rueda, Ligia C.; López Casillas, Marcos; Vélez, Iván D.; Rueda Clausen, Christian F.; Smith, Daniel J.; Muñoz, Gerardo; Mosquera, Hernando; Silva Sieger, Federico Arturo; Buitrago, Adriana; Díaz, Holger; Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio
    Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is a worldwide disease, endemic in 88 countries, that has shown an increasing incidence over the last two decades. So far, pentavalent antimony compounds have been considered the treatment of choice, with a percentage of cure of about 85%. However, the high efficacy of these drugs is counteracted by their many disadvantages and adverse events. Previous studies have shown nitric oxide to be a potential alternative treatment when administered topically with no serious adverse events. However, due to the unstable nitric oxide release, the topical donors needed to be applied frequently, making the adherence to the treatment difficult. The electrospinning technique has allowed the production of a multilayer transdermal patch that produces a continuous and stable nitric oxide release. The main objective of this study is to evaluate this novel nitric oxide topical donor for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Methods and design: A double-blind, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial, including 620 patients from endemic areas for Leishmaniasis in Colombia was designed to investigate whether this patch is as effective as meglumine antimoniate for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis but with less adverse events. Subjects with ulcers characteristic of cutaneous leishmaniasis will be medically evaluated and laboratory tests and parasitological confirmation performed. After checking the inclusion/exclusion criteria, the patients will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. During 20 days Group 1 will receive simultaneously meglumine antimoniate and placebo of nitric oxide patches while Group 2 will receive placebo of meglumine antimoniate and active nitric oxide patches. During the treatment visits, the medicationswill be daily administered and the presence of adverse events assessed. During the follow-up, the research group will visit the patients at days 21, 45, 90 and 180. The healing process of the ulcer, the health of the participants, recidivisms and/or reinfection will also be assessed. The evolution of the ulcers will be photographically registered. In case that the effectiveness of the patches is demonstrated, a novel and safe therapeutic alternative for one of the most important public health problems in many countries will be available to patients.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Efectividad in vivo de una nanoemulsión de paramomicina y ftalocianina de aluminio clorada para el tratamiento de leishmaniasis cutánea
    (Bucaramanga : Universidad de Santander, 2019, 2019-12-02) Mantilla Ojeda, Lucía Liliana; Leal Pinto, Sandra Milena; García Sánchez, Liliana Torcoroma
    La leishmaniasis es una enfermedad metaxénica cuyo vector (Lutzomyia), transmite la enfermedad al penetrar la piel del huésped mamífero e introducir los protozoos de leishmania, quienes dependiendo de la especie dan paso a un tipo de manisfestación clínica específica, con diversos grados de severidad. Aunque existen distintos tratamientos para esta infección (Pentostam®, Glucantime®, pentamidine, anfotericina B y miltefosina), aún nos enfrentamos a múltiples retos: vía de administración, efectos tóxicos hepáticos y renales, fracaso al tratamiento, resistencia farmacológica, estado inmunológico del paciente, condiciones socioeconómicas, cronicidad de las lesiones y especie del parásito. De acuerdo con lo anterior, este estudio tuvo como objetivo, caracterizar el efecto antiparasitario in vivo de un nanoconjugado de Ftalocianina de Aluminio Clorada y paramomicina (NE+FtAlCl/PM15%) activado mediante Terapia Fotodinámica (TFD), en el modelo murino de Leishmaniasis cutánea. Para esto, se realizó la estandarización del modelo de leishmaniasis cutánea en ratones BALB/c evaluado dos inoculados en dos sitios anatómicos de infección (almohadilla plantar y base de la cola). Posteriormente, se evaluó la efectividad de NE-FtAlCl/PM en dos modelos experimentales. Terapia fotodinámica fue aplicada en los grupos tratados con el fotosensibilizador usando luz LED. La efectividad clínica y parasitológica, así como toxicidad aguda relacionada con parámetros hematológicos y bioquímicos, fue evaluada. El tratamiento mostró ser inefectivo para curar lesiones cutáneas por L. (V.) braziliensis en ratones BALB/c. Sin embargo, los resultados mostraron ser similares a los obtenidos con el grupo control tratado con Glucantime (20mg/Kg/día). Adicionalmente, en el modelo con lesión cutánea ulcerada, se observó disminución del tamaño de la úlcera en los ratones tratados con NE-FtAlCl/PM+TFD. No se observaron efectos tóxicos sistémicos del tratamiento. Este estudio es el primero en evaluar la combinación de dos fármacos bioactivos contra Leishmania spp en un mismo nanovehículo. Sin embargo, los fármacos no mostraron curar las lesiones cutáneas causadas por el parásito. La optimización del esquema de tratamiento con NE-FtAlCl/PM+TFD es recomendable.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Environmental and socio-economic determinants associated with the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the northeast of Colombia
    (2017-12) Gutiérrez, Juan David; Martínez Vega, Ruth Aralí; Ramoni Perazzi, Josefa; Díaz Quijano, Fredi Alexander; Gutiérrez, Reinaldo; Ruiz, Freddy J; Botello, Hector A.; Gil, María; González, Juan; Palencia, Mario
    Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne disease that is widely distributed in most tropical regions. Colombia has experienced an important increase in its incidence during the last decade. There are CL transmission foci in the Colombian departments of Santander and Norte de Santander. Objectives: To identify environmental and socio-economic variables associated with CL incidence in the municipalities of the northeast of Colombia between 2007 and 2016. Methods: This was an ecological study of CL cases aggregated by municipality. The cases reported during the study period were analyzed with a negative binomial regression to obtain the adjusted incident rate ratio for environmental and socio-economic variables. Findings: During the study period, 10 924 cases of CL were reported, and 110 (86.6%) municipalities reported at least one CL case. The coverages of forest (aIRR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.07), heterogeneous agricultural zones (aIRR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02–1.06) and permanent crops (aIRR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.12) were associated with a higher incidence of CL. Conversely, urban functionality (aIRR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.96), minimal-altitude above sea level (aIRR 0.84, 95% CI 0.79–0.90) and shrub coverage (aIRR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95–1.0) were negatively associated with the incidence of CL in the municipality. Main conclusions: Our results confirm the importance of environmental determinants, such as height above sea level, and coverage of forest, permanent crops and heterogeneous agricultural zones, for the occurrence of CL; these findings also suggest the importance of shrub coverage. Furthermore, urban functionality was a socio-economic determinant independently associated with CL incidence.
  • Publicación
    Acceso abierto
    Potential distribution of four vectors of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: The effect of El Niño and La Niña episodes from the perspective of the ecological niche
    (2021-10-01) Avila-Jimenez, Julian; Gutiérrez, Juan David; Altamiranda-Saavedra, Mariano; GAIA
    The potential distribution of four American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis vectors under average conditions during Neutral (in between episodes), El Niño, and La Niña episodes from 2000 to 2018 were constructed through ecological niche modeling. The potential distribution in El Niño and La Niña were compared with the Neutral distribution. The four vector species (Lutzomyia gomezi, Lutzomyia ovallesi, Lutzomyia panamensis, and Lutzomyia trapidoi) decreased the potential distribution with the occurrence of El Niño and La Niña episodes. During El Niño, the reduction was concentrated over the dry ecosystems, while with the occurrence of La Niña, the potential distribution decreased over most of the Neotropic, leaving areas of climatic suitability concentrated in the Andean and Amazon areas, along with some scattered patches. We found evidence that the occurrence of the climatic anomalies has an effect on the potential distribution of this vector species.