AGBGA. Artículos de Investigación
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- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoOptogenetic inactivation of the medial septum impairs long-term object recognition memory formation(2022-06-07)Theta is one of the most prominent extracellular synchronous oscillations in the mammalian brain. Hippocampal theta relies on an intact medial septum (MS) and has been consistently recorded during the training phase of some learning paradigms, suggesting that it may be implicated in hippocampus-dependent long-term memory process‑ing. Object recognition memory (ORM) allows animals to identify familiar items and is essential for remembering facts and events. In rodents, long-term ORM formation requires a functional hippocampus but the involvement of the MS in this process remains controversial. We found that training adult male Wistar rats in a long-term ORM-inducing learn‑ing task involving exposure to two diferent, but behaviorally equivalent novel stimuli objects increased hippocampal theta power, and that suppressing theta via optogenetic MS inactivation caused amnesia. Importantly, the amne‑sia was specifc to the object the animals were exploring when the MS was inactivated. Taken together, our results indicate that the MS is necessary for long-term ORM formation and suggest that hippocampal theta activity is causally linked to this process.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoDimensionality and homogeneity of the Colombian version of the Cocaine Craving Questionnaire (CCQ-N-10)(2022-06-20)Background It is essential to have a validated instrument to measure craving for cocaine use. The study’s objective was to understand the dimensionality and homogeneity of the Cocaine Craving Questionnaire (CCQ-N-10) among Colombian cocaine users. Methods A sample of 102 hospitalized or outpatient adults diagnosed with cocaine use disorders attending addiction units in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Internal consistency and construct validity were estimated by confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis with scales with similar objectives. Results An omega coefficient of 0.93 was obtained, and adjustment indicators of the confirmatory model were acceptable (RMSEA of 0.08, CFI and TLI of 0.99) when two of the original scale items were removed from the original scale analysis. Conclusion This study shows that the craving scale reduced to eight items can be helpful to assess the construct in the Colombian population; however, the small sample size makes it challenging to carry out other analysis to corroborate its psychometric properties.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoEffects of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers on Hormonal and Reproductive Health in E-Waste-Exposed Population: A Systematic Review(2022-06-25)Electronic waste management is a global rising concern that is primarily being handled by informal recycling practices. These release a mix of potentially hazardous chemicals, which is an important public health concern. These chemicals include polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), used as flame retardants in electronic parts, which are persistent in nature and show bioaccumulative characteristics. Although PBDEs are suspected endocrine disruptors, particularly targeting thyroid and reproductive hormone functions, the relationship of PBDEs with these health effects are not well established. We used the Navigation Guide methodology to conduct a systematic review of studies in populations exposed to e-waste to better understand the relationships of these persistent flame retardants with hormonal and reproductive health. We assessed nineteen studies that fit our pre-determined inclusion criteria for risk of bias, indirectness, inconsistency, imprecision, and other criteria that helped rate the overall evidence for its quality and strength of evidence. The studies suggest PBDEs may have an adverse effect on thyroid hormones, reproductive hormones, semen quality, and neonatal health. However, more research is required to establish a relationship of these effects in the e-waste-exposed population. We identified the limitations of the data available and made recommendations for future scientific work.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoPsychometric Properties of an Instrument to Assess the Fear of COVID-19 in a Sample in Argentina: a Mixed Approach(2022-01-14)The FCV-19S was the frst instrument designed to assess the severity of fear related to COVID-19 and has already been validated in many languages. The objective of this study was to evaluate the homogeneity and construct validity of the 5-item version of the FCV19S, using an online questionnaire in 599 people. The participants’ age ranged from 18 to 65 years. Age, gender, marital status, educational level, employment status, and socioeconomic status were analyzed. In the evaluation process we assessed interitem correlation, item rest-correlation, confrmatory factor analysis: Root Mean Square Error of Approximation, Comparative Fix Index, Tucker-Lewis Index; internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald’s omega), and the Rasch model was assessed for learning more about the psychometric properties of the scale, which allows a detailed knowledge of the strengths and weaknesses of a scale. The FCV-5S has adequate psychometric indicators from the perspective of the Classical Theory of Items. The major limitations were using a self-reported measure and having a convenience sample not necessarily representative of the general population of Argentina.
- PublicaciónAcceso abiertoReactivation-dependent amnesia for object recognition memory is contingent on hippocampal theta–gamma coupling during recall(2021-12-15)Hippocampal dopamine D1/D5 receptor-dependent destabilization is necessary for object recognition memory (ORM) updating through reconsolidation. Dopamine also regulates hippocampal theta and gamma oscillations, which are involved in novelty and memory processing. We found that, in adult male rats, ORM recall in the presence of a novel object, but not in the presence of a familiar one, triggers hippocampal theta-gamma coupling. Hippocampal theta-gamma coupling (hPAC) does not happen when ORM destabilization is prevented by blocking D1/D5 receptors, but artificial hPAC generation during recall in the presence of a familiar object enables the amnesic effect of reconsolidation inhibitors. Therefore, hPAC controls ORM destabilization, and its modulation could increase reconsolidation-based psychotherapy efficacy.