AGEAA. Artículos de Investigación
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- ArtículoAcceso abiertoSeroprevalence and Risk Factors of Leishmania infantum in Canine Shelters in Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area and Barrancabermeja, Andean Region Santander, Colombia(2022)Leishmaniasis is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania spp. and transmitted by sand-flies to different hosts. In Colombia, Leishmania has been reported in dogs from rural and urban areas. The aims of the investigation were to define the risk factors of Leishmania infantum (L. infantum) in canine shelters in municipalities of the Bucaramanga metropolitan area, and Barrancabermeja municipality, and to determine the seroprevalence for L. infantum. An observational study was carried out. The samples were analyzed with ELISA antibody anti-L. infantum (n=282). Epidemiological data about the risk factors were achieved by conducting a survey in these dog shelters (14 questions). The data were analyzed to determine the association between the variables under study and the results of the ELISA test. The seroprevalence of L. infantum was 4.3% in the Bucaramanga metropolitan area and zero (0/48) in Barrancabermeja. The dogs sleeping outdoor was associated with the odds for Leishmania in Bucaramanga (P=0.04). We have demonstrated the seroprevalence of L. infantum in canine shelters in the Bucaramanga metropolitan area, possibly by the high contact of dogs with Lutzomyia spp. vectors. This data may help to identify risk factors in similar geographical areas, assisting to design new control strategies.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoComparison between five coprological methods for the diagnosis of Balantidium coli cysts in fecal samples from pigs(2021-04)Background and Aim: Balantidium coli is a protozoan that can infect humans and non-human primates, being the domestic pigs the animals most affected by this parasite. This study aimed to compare the performance of five coprological methods for diagnosis of Balantidium coli cysts in fecal samples from pigs. Materials and Methods: From September to December 2019, 558 fecal samples were collected from the rectum of backyard pigs in the Bucaramanga metropolitan area, Colombia. The average age of the sampled animals was 3-4 months. Fecal samples collected were tested using the following coprological techniques: Direct examination with Lugol’s iodine solution, buffered saline, centrifugation/flotation and McMaster techniques, and Ziehl–Neelsen method. Results: The results indicate that B. coli cysts were diagnosed most frequently through direct examination with Lugol’s iodine solution (52.7% of the samples) followed by direct examination with a buffered saline solution (37.6%). Moderate concordance (k=0.41; p<0.05) was determined between direct method with Lugol’s iodine and buffered saline solution, McMaster and buffered saline (k=0.35; p<0.05), and centrifugation/flotation and buffered saline (k=0.28; p<0.05) showed a fair degree of concordance. The rest of the comparisons were classified as poor. The flotation techniques (centrifugation/ flotation and McMaster) did not show good recovery of cysts. Conclusion: It is concluded that the most efficient method for diagnosing this parasitosis was to an association between direct examination with Lugol’s iodine solution and buffered saline.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoIdentification of Multiple Blastocystis Subtypes in Domestic Animals From Colombia Using Amplicon-Based Next Generation Sequencing(2021-08-24)Blastocystis is frequently reported in fecal samples from animals and humans worldwide, and a variety of subtypes (STs) have been observed in wild and domestic animals. In Colombia, few studies have focused on the transmission dynamics and epidemiological importance of Blastocystis in animals. In this study, we characterized the frequency and subtypes of Blastocystis in fecal samples of domestic animals including pigs, minipigs, cows, dogs, horses, goats, sheep, and llama from three departments of Colombia. Of the 118 fecal samples included in this study 81.4% (n = 96) were positive for Blastocystis using a PCR that amplifies a fragment of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene. PCR positive samples were sequenced by next generation amplicon sequencing (NGS) to determine subtypes. Eleven subtypes were detected, ten previously reported, ST5 (50.7%), ST10 (47.8%), ST25 (34.3%), ST26 (29.8%), ST21 (22.4%), ST23 (22.4%), ST1 (17.9%), ST14 (16.4%), ST24 (14.9%), ST3 (7.5%), and a novel subtype, named ST32 (3.0%). Mixed infection and/or intra -subtype variations were identified in most of the samples. Novel ST32 was observed in two samples from a goat and a cow. To support novel subtype designation, a MinION based sequencing strategy was used to generate the full-length of the SSU rRNA gene. Comparison of full-length nucleotide sequences with those from current valid subtypes supported the designation of ST32. This is the first study in Colombia using NGS to molecularly characterize subtypes of Blastocystis in farm animals. A great diversity of subtypes was observed in domestic animals including subtypes previously identified in humans. Additionally, subtype overlap between the different hosts examined in this study were observed. These findings highlight the presence of Blastocystis subtypes with zoonotic potential in farm animals indicating that farm animals could play a role in transmission to humans.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoTrasplante de microbiota fecal en un paciente con parvovirosis canina: reporte de caso clínico(2021-05)El presente estudio muestra el caso de una cachorra de cuatro meses de edad que ingresó a la consulta de la clínica veterinaria «Vet Center», Bucaramanga, Colombia, por un cuadro gastroentérico severo. La paciente mostraba signos de depresión, vómito, deshidratación y fiebre. La valoración hematológica reveló una ligera anemia, y la prueba de parvovirus canino resultó positiva. Para la estabilización y tratamiento de la paciente se colocó un catéter intravenoso para el suministro de soluciones endovenosas de Ringer lactato, antibióticos, antieméticos y vitaminas. Además, se realizó como terapia adicional un trasplante de microbiota fecal al cabo de 12 horas de hospitalización, repitiéndose a las 12 horas, dando resultados satisfactorios que se discuten en este reporte clínico.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoEfecto del ibuprofeno en el establecimiento de la gestación de embriones bovinos producidos in vitro(2021-04)El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la administración de ibuprofeno en el establecimiento de la gestación de embriones bovinos producidos in vitro. Se utilizaron 85 novillas Bos taurus x B. indicus como receptoras de embriones, las cuales fueron sometidas a un protocolo de sincronización del estro y de la ovulación con la inserción de un implante intravaginal de progesterona (Sincrogest®) por ocho días, más la aplicación de 2 mg de benzoato de estradiol (Sincrodiol®). A la remoción del implante se aplicaron 500 µg cloprostenol sódico (Sincrocio®), 300 UI de gonadotrofina coriónica equina (Sincro eCG®), más la administración de 1 mg de cipionato de estradiol (SincroCP®,). Una hora antes a la transferencia de los embriones se aplicó 5 mg/kg de ibuprofeno IM. No se observó diferencia significativa en la tasa de gestación del grupo control (47.5%) y del grupo ibuprofeno (35.5%). Se concluye que la administración de ibuprofeno en novillas B. taurus x B. indicus una hora antes de la transferencia de los embriones in vitro no presentó efecto sobre el establecimiento de la gestación.